1880-12-16; Saline Observer

              iS PRESENTS.
\template ■niahing their
\hases in   CJiicago,   will
tterestshy coiling upon,
\\hefollowing Hepresent-
■ Houses :
S^Tb^A^for«Mr9stop^
;. ca-alogue sent free. Reed's
■State Street, Chicago.
|0-—PArsrrrse and Drawing Jla-
Iserfptlon, &e. 147 State Street.
[ry. Pocket Books, Toilet Sets,
IK-re-Frames, fee- Stott, *S4 State.
[LSOXSewIng_Iachlne (the new
tirlstmasgiit, 155 State-st, Chicago
ItERS, WEAK AXKLES,eLUB
ler by S. S. Bliss. *m State Street.
I Sewing Machine- Liberal terms
|n,CIark& Co.,"Mamif s, Chicago.
CAXBIES-Purest and Best—
iiontthe Union.   "iS Madison St.
lea, Jewelry, etc. Lare.st stock
Iman & Co., State --"Madison St3.
|ll kinds.   "Wholesale and Retail.
state Street. Send for price-list.
[Chicago Business College leads
|si-EdforcIrcular. TTtoS' Stste-S£
-217 & 219 State Street.  -Fur-lit- Upholstery Goods. .
ho.—Fine Jewel-y. Watches,
B;:ito Street—Palmer House Bile
ISTraiES sent C. O. D. all over
jird & Co. t 20S State Street.
iMil'isa.   Men'sand Boys" Over-
pscap.   State &*Ma_ison. Come.
-PIANOS and OPvGANS. Cor.
tsS*reets.
|_& Co.—MS to 110State-St.
UPHOLSTERY.
FINS SHOES.
-*-.
-i-_.
%>,,JX
rJ? S.
/
i
tMTLY   CUH£3
IthHero.Vfc.saTs. '-Incases
i has acted like a charm. It
Ibad eases of Pies, and has
peiently."
t St. Albans, Vt., says, "It is
tter sixteen years of great
1 and Costiveness it com.
prkshira says, "One pac_>-
|fcr_2ein completelycur-
i Kidney Comalalnt."
ICID OR DHX FOEH
|the LITEE, BOWELS
J at the same time.
Ithe _y_tem ofi_.epc_so:_-
fcopcj in. Eidnej*- and "Drt-
|s_.ess, _Ta_2i_-:ce, Consti-
^es-x-isfisnz, "Ne_ralg__
ad*I?e_-_!_e Complaints.
Tegefci-Ie Farm; la
fige of which makes six
■s^C3-£aent?afed,
■ of thoss that cannot
fc actsicifh equal eglciency
|3GISTS. F_*ICE,$1._0. O
»S0_» & CO.. Prop's,
5aid.>  EmiEfCTO.V.VT.
,_#>-
less;   FOR SMALLER
Tup-wards.    ORGANS
•IE LISTS free.
ICES ARE WOT
I vs., CHICAGO.
Iwaerstos n to Hotels,
Ifi f3_^i'l^4&J**18nm'srff,-
fi>AKI>. TJBAjWhfsh.
|"»j;*, -_<!•. r.ijr 1'H fa rial in
|C. -IEV52, WhtilPsafe
mat., Chicago-.. „«_<--; ji.TO
|It ezpIana*:oa and outftt.
PariFner"
IHAH AHI.KN*SWIFE
|e__ia.y" -ily Opinions
CKfKT, Chicago. 111.
pa. Bails?.. kit
I*-;*??. Prict/S cents per
|J__J5_SG5 Itt__OK_5T,
IfSE:WOB_rj9>»
|r IIto'r_f e'J*l»aRip_i|t,
fcePurcIiaa**" of ••forth.'
I Jos*-{-h. Hailed ■«_■___
cured by De. j. __,
5« Jjod, without thein-
;ia_Ict.   Sycd SOc for
Wdr^ $fteT «*"-*-*- 25i
■i Office, St. ionjj. Mo.
Ivith "Xi-fe awaO:
I-^^f" „S^'I for de-
|Pnb ngCo..ToIedo, O.
ield. No disr-asra. Stand
j on sandy s&II. prfe**
(nee&C&.FItishifig,Nf
J!A<5E5TSWA*\TED!
**-_5*£^ Detroit, Mich,
J the Best and "FasteBfc-
li-Sbles. Pr.rsreduced
| Co., Chicago, IU.
EabitCarvd l«_o"
\popaytiU t'imecl.
■■mts. Lebanon. Ohio.
Ise. Catalosuo-rjcee.
■tC5l "Dnbatjae, lovra
laome easily made,
I—    ^Au*2asta*M9*
l!2IS- Tennsani"
|6ft<_Cb. PortlandMCe
, 'C'alaI«^*?free.
tris. Pittsburgh, p..
Itlon, Asthma*
liatarrh, I*y$£
liiheuataitism,
lorganio centres,,
|ES, which are
lane, Bishop of
lad others, who
■•/ permistim.
logt-uneguivwal
I h-gh chaj-acter
|i have been ob-
|caeea<if natural
1 to the genuine.
J of Commerce.
|aonths' supply,
m-/of thfe new
liaoresa
J.EH
ftlelDhl*, p**
ALINE
Observer.
LB BAROf & MSSLT, Proprietors.
SALINE, WASHTENAW COUNTY, MICHIGAN,  DECEMBER 16, 1880.
VOL. I-NO. 5.
NEWS SWMY.
—_—_^
Important Intelligence from AllParts.
■.-., ..-v ~ Congress.
The efedentials of Thomas C. Manning, of
Louisiana, appointed by the Governor of that
State-tb Ml the vacancy caused by the death
of Senator Spofford, were presented in the
Senate on the Tth. Bills were introduced—bv
Mr. McDonald, to authorize local taxation of
legal-tender Treasuryuotes; by Messrs. Teller
and Hill, amending the bill to ratify the Ute
agreement; by Mr. Ingalls, authorizing the
issue and providinsr for the exchange
and redemption of fractional notes.
A resolution was offered by Mr. "Wallace and
adopted providing that the Standing Committees as constituted at the last session be revived and continued for this session, and that
Mr. Pugh, of Alabama, be assigned to the
pla-cesmade vacant by the retirement of Mr.
Pryor, Mr. Blairto takethe place of Mr. Ingalls
on the Committee on Pensions and
of Mr. Sharon on the Committee on
Education and Labor,-, and Mr. Hansom
and Mr. Lamar to' exchange places
on the Committee on Bailroads, thus
malnng-the latter Chairman of ihat Committee. A resolution, offered by Mr. Ingalls, was
adopt^_calling vipon the President for information in regard to the threatened invasion
of Indian Territory.... In the House a.resolu-
tion, offered by Mr. Eelford, ;-yas adopted
directingthe Secretary of the Interior to inform the House under what law or warrant of
authority Douglass, sub-Chief of the Ute tribe
of Indians, was confined in the militarv prison
at Fort Leavenworth, and what steps", if any,
had been taken by the "United States authorities to bring him to trial for alleged
complicity in .the murder of Indian Agent
Meeteer Mr, *Bi_knell* called up, as a question of privilege, the Senate resolution relative to counting the Electoral vote, and, after
a. lengthy debate, the Speaker ruled that
the matter-was a question of privilege. Mr.
Bicknell then demanded the previous question, and, the Republicans refusing to vote,
no quorum was Indicated. Mr. Bicknell then
withdrew his •motioii for the previous question, aridfurther debate followed.
%. Morgan* presented a Constitutional
amendment in the Senate on the Sth, giving-
Congress authority to make rules for opening:
the votes of the Electoral Colleges, having-
them counted by the two houses, and declaring: the result of the election. Mr. Randolph
gave notice of a substitute for the bill for the
reliefSf _?ifz"Johtt Porter, authorizing- his reinstatementIn the army at a rank no higher
than Colonel, without pay for the period since
his dismissal. A bill for the sale of the
Port Earned military reservation was
passed. Mr. Paddock Introduced a bill to enable the people of Dakota to form a Constitution, and State Government, and for the admission of the State into the Union... Mr. Mc-
Cook-^-rXi) introduced a Joint resolution in
the House authorizing the President to place
U. S. Grant on the retired list of the army,
with the rank and pay of General, as a recognition of his eminent services. Mr. Stone introduced a bill forfeiting the public lands
granted the State of Michigan for railroad purposes. The Bicknell resolution
concerning,the counting of the Electoral vote -
was debatedatconsiderablelength;Mr.Robeson offered-a -substitute providing- that the
two houses shall meet in joint session, the
Vice-President presiding-, and that each house
shall appoint two tellers to make a list of the
Electoral votes cast for President and Vice-
President,, the result to be announced by the
President Of the= Senate, the announcement,
together with a list of votes, to be entered on.
the journals of the two houses.
Mr. Pendeeto-k introduced a joint resolution in the Senate on the 9th to obtain the
privilege of opening a highway through Brit-
^** ish Columbia to Sitka and Port Wrang-ell,
Alaska. Afterdebate the Otoe and Missouri
Reservation bill providing: for the sale of the
remainder of the reservation of the confederated Otoe and Missouri tribes of Indians m Nebraska and Kansas, and for
other purposes, was passed. Adjourned
to the' 1'dth...* Mr, Kelley introdu"s'-ed a
bill ire the House repealing the tax on friction
matches an*a**on bank cheeks, capital and deposits. Mr. Baker (Ind.) reported the Portifi-
cation Appropriationbill,which provides §100,-
000 for the construction and repair of fortifications and S50.000 for the purchase of torpedoes. The day was mainly devoted to debate
on the Electoral-vote resolution.
The Senate was not in cession on the 10th.
....Inthe House Mr. Hubbell, from theCom-
mitte e on Appropriations, reported the Pension Appropriation bill, which provides S48,-
400,000; for the payment of army pensions;
SLHO'COO for the payment of navy pensions;
§2501000 for the paym ent of fees to examining surgeons; and S25,000 for the payment of salarie-;, etc. Several bills of
a private nature were passed. Mr.
Shelley reported a bill for lines of mail steamers to Mexican and Central and South American ports. Tho Speaker- presented a communicationfrom-M. Gambetta, President of the
French Chamber Of Deputies, in relation to
theexehange ot* documents. The House refused to consider the concurrent resolution
on the Electoral vote, and adjourned to the
13th. "      -'
!/**,,.*.       Domestic.
l?rvE men and a woman were^. killed and
fivCy others seriously injured by the" explosion
of *a?saw-mill-steam boiler at Wendell, Mass.,
oh the 8th.
James Pamtght, an Italian, died In Chicago
on the 8th. from trichina-*, eaten in uncooked
sausage. For thirty days he suffered greatly.
Bis wife, son and two daughters were in danger 6f-:death| from the same cause.
*^*vfo highwaymen attacked a stage-coach
near Bro-.vnwood, Tex., on the night of the
7th. robbed the passengers of 8165( cut open
the mail-bag, and took §350 from registered
letters contained in it:"
Treasurer Gileiei>an recently , received
from the Assistant Treasurer at Cincinnati a
counterfeit S50 note of the series of 1875. It
is well calculate! to deceive.
A maniac mother, of* Marque fete, Wis.,
nearly decapitated her babe on the 9th and
then t4ol2*her"own life.
A "FEw'days ago an express train from New
Yorlcslruck a carriage at Stamford, Conn.,
killing Miss Harriet Davenport and injuring
two other persons.
Three negroes who recently murdered
Mrs. Kennedy, in Clarendon County, S. C,
hayje beeri^ynclhed at the scene of the tragedy.
-fcRiNerthe absence of the clerk from a
liew York drug store a few days ago the por-
terj" Wittenbrlnk by name, waited upon a
customer who wanted epsom salts. The porter gave him oxalic acid in mistake;, and only
the prompt attendance of physicians saved
the life of a woman who* used a portion of the
package. Wittenbrlnk was arrested.
i John Ja'Les recently had a fight with his
father-in-law, James Thomag, atlMon, S. C,
-which resulted in the death of both. Thomas'sons, wno assisted in the rd"**, received
sc-ilp^w-ou-ads;■■;,      '
At therecent annual meeting of the National Base Ball Lea-rue in New* iork, the
championship .flag for 188) was formally
awarded to "the White Stockings, of Chicago.
Two men were killed and several others
wounded on the 9th by the premature explosion of a blast in the Formart mine shaft at
Virginia City, Nev. .
%HE^Nattonal Council of the Union League
ofrAi&*riea, in'.session. #-*- Philadelphia on the
9th, adopted a re-iort strongly urging the
abolition by the Government of tlie tribal
system, and requir.nz that the Indians be
dealt with as. individual citizens.
The anthracite coal * interest in Pennsylvania has agreed to mine but three dafsia each
week this winter. .... .«.^.•-.,.»•
John Stort, a New York warehouseman,
wlK**h,adb*een'bI|iten a few days before by a
smair fly while" handling a bale of Cuban
tobacco, from which the insecb came,
died from the effects of blood-poiscm on the
night of the'8th. His sufferings for.four
#    d-fy^pf evioiis to his death were terrible.
It W&8 reporteu on the 10th that the liabil-
ftles of Arnold" & Co., the great colEee merchants who recently failed in Nei^y York,
amouoted to S'^OO',000,-- with alleged assets
of the same amount. Bowie, Dash & Co.,
another heavy coffee firm oi the same city,
caught in the same deal which carried down
Arnold & Co.—an attempt to get up a corner
on coffee—also suspended on the 10th, with
liabilities of $1,500,000.
NEARHuntsville, Ala., on the 9th a party
of Deputy Marshals and a Deputy Revenue
Collector came upon four illicit distillers for
whom they had warrants. Deputy Marshal
John B. Hardie was killed by Jefferson Cul-
breath, a moonshiner, and Deputy Collector
Horace J. Bone was wounded in the side. A
force for the capture of the murderer was immediately organized. Commissioner Raum
at once ordered the seizure of every illicit
distillery in the district and the arrest of
every moonshiner, and the Attorney-General
sent similar instructions to Marshals.
The jury in the case of Dr. Earll, of
Chicago, indicted for criminal malpractice
resulting in the death of a young; lady named
Etta Carl, after being out several hours', returned a verdict on the 10th of guilty, fixing
his punishment at five years in the Penitentiary.
The Railway Commissioners of Georgia
have recently ordered the reduction of fares
on first-class roads to three cents per mile.
The colored emigrants from North Carolina who have settled in Indiana held .a convention at Greencastle on the 10th, and
adopted an address urging that one-half the
negroes of the South emigrate to Northern
farms.
The Anderson (Ind.) Court-House. was destroyed by fire on the 10th. The records of
the School Superintendent and of the Sheriff
were burned.
The distribution of standard silver dollars
for ihe week ended on the 11th aggregated
§490,997: during the corresponding week last
year the amount distributed was §390,984.   "
H. A. Lathrop'S knitting factory at Sharon,
Mass., was destroyed by fire on the 11th, causing a loss of $34,000.
Jat Gould's splendid conservatory at Islington on the Hudson, said to be the largest
and most varied in this country, and which
contained plants which can scarcely be duplicated for years to come, was burned on the
11th.   Loss estimated at §150,000.
In New York and Brooklyn on the 11th-
agents of the Secret Service arrested nine
men who had been manufacturing and circulating counterfeit silver coin.- They were
held in §10,000 each.
A singular spectacle was witnessed at
Hunniwell, Kan., on the 12th. Payne's Oklahoma invaders held divine service, conducted
by the Colony Chaplain, the officers of the
Federal troops participating, by invitation.
The meeting broke up, with cheers for the
star-spangled banner, the President and the
cavalry guests.
Four cases of fatal freezing were reported
from New York City on the 12feh.
Aeew days ago George Scott, a half-breed,
Was lynched at Brazil, Ind., by a party of
white men for an outrageous assault upon the
wife of his employer.
Five blocks of buildings In the heart of
the City of Pensacola, Fla., being nine-tenths
of the business portions of tbe place, were
burned on the night of the 10th. . All the
public buildings, hotels and newspaper offices
were destroyed. The loss to merchants was
very heavy, as they had just received their
full stocks. The fire lasted eight hours.
The flames might have been checked sooner,
but the steam life-engine, being out of repair,
was in the machine shop. The total loss was
placed at over i'500,000.
Two persons named Ann Higgins, aged
seventy-three years, and John. Lyons, aged
twenty-three, were burned to death in a fire
in Philadelphia on the night of the 11th.
James Davis, a Deputy Revenue Collector,
was killed, and G. W. Campbell, United
States Commissioner, beaten nearly to death,
in a fight with illicit distillers, near Cooks-
yille, Tenn., a few days a_o.
The person who set fire to the Madison
County (Ind.) Court House at Anderson on
the^9th the next night set fire to the Catholic
Church at that place, and was detected and
arrested. He confessed his crimes, and said
he was crazed by liquor. His name is Frank
Moreland, and he is said to be a tramp.
At a fire in a building occupied by the
-Grown Manufacturing Company, in Cincinnati on the evening of the 11th, five firemen
lost their lives by being overcome by smoke.
Personal and Political.
The Presidential Electors for Georgia, who
did not cast the vote of that State on the day
appointed by the law of the United States,
met at Atlanta on the Sth, the day fixed by
the statutes of the State, and formally cast
their eleven votes for Hancock and English.
General Ord, on being notified of his retirement from the army, vacated his office at
the headquarters of the Department of
Texas on the Sth, ordering the Assistant Adjutant-General to report to General Sheridan.
It is said he will go to Mexico and live with
his son-in-law, General Trevino, Minister of
War.
Captain: HowgAte, of Arctic expedition
fame, resigned his position in the army on
the Sth.
General D. S. Stanley has assumed command at San Antonio, Texas.
The Grand Jury of the United States Circuit Court at Richmond,* Va., on the 9th indicted B. B. Foster, James F. Galloway and
Samuel Logan, the last named colored, the
Manchester (Va.) Judgesof Election, for refusing the right of suffrage to voters in the
Presidential election wko presented themselves to vote with capitation tax receipts
alleged to have been illegally issued from the
State Auditor's office.
The Republicans and anti-Tammany Democrats of New York "have for-some time been
arranging a combination to wreck John Kelly, the head and front of Tammany,.and on
the 10th it was successfully accomplished.
Mayor Cooper nominated Allen Campbell for
Comptroller, and after a vigorous opposition
he was confirmed by a vote of thirteen to
eight. Other nominations dividing the chief
offices quite equally between the fusionists
were quickly approved.
A Washington special of the llth states
that Secretary Thompson, who had just returned from New York, had decided definitely to accept the Chairmanship of the American Branch of the Panama Canal Company,
with a salary of §25,000 a year, and had notified the President of his intention to resign
from the Cabinet.
Justice Strong, of the United States Supreme Court, has resigned and accepted the
position, of counsel for the Philadelphia &
Reading Railway.
Five, more Elpction Judges were on the
Hth indicted by the Grand Jury of the
UnitedStates Circuit Court at Richmond, Va.
JPoreigti.
An evidently-inspired article in the St.
Petersburg Journal of. the 8th pledges to the
Liberals of England the sympathy of Russia.
It was announced from Paris on the 9th.
that Spain had taken 50,000 shares in the De-
Lesseps' Panama Canal enterprise,
On the 8th Dillon, Bi-Igar and other Land
Leaguers telegraphed to Secretary Forster
that Lord Rossmore had reached Enniskillen
with troops, intending to attack those attend
ing the land meetings, and demanded protection from the Government
Mr. FoHSTEii, Chief Secretary for Ireland,
on the 9th issued a memorandum to magistrates pointing out their duties under the
unsettled condition of things. A Dublin dispatch of the 9 th says the officials, agents and
landlords dare not enforce the law.
A Paris dispatch of the 9th announces that
the Porte had ceded the Island of Crete to
Germany.
The Grand Jury at Cork has indicted Healy
and Walsh for intimidating Farmer Man-
■ning.
Flogging in the British navj**, the Lords of
the Admiralty say, must henceforth cease.
The Bank of England has raised the rate
of discount to three per cent., its purpose
being to stop gold exportation to the United
States.
A Constantinople dispatch of the 10th
says the Porte had threatened to break off
negotiations-with Greece unless she accepted
the proposal that Janina, Metzora and Laris-
sa should reman Turkish territory. The
Greek Premier had declared that no negotiations were possible.
A St, Petersburg telegram of the 10th
says that Russia contemplated the construction of an iron-clad of»12,000 tons burden.
Lor-d Granville, the British Minister of
Foreign Affairs, has written a letter "to
United States Minister LowelL in which he
admits that the destruction of the nets of
American fishermen in Fortune Bay, off
Newfoundland, was utterly indefensible, and
expresses a willingness to make suitable reparation.
A Madrid journal of the 10th says that, if
the United States will reduce its duties on
Cuban sugar and Spanish fruit, Spain will
take similar aetion on American cereals and
flour.
The Governor of Albania is taking steps to
disarm the people, and has compelled the
leaders of the Albanian League to pledge obedience to the Sultan.
/ A Montreal (Can.) dispatch of the 10th
says a number of members of the Jesuit Order, recently expelled from France, had arrived in that city.
A Paris dispatch of the 10th says there had
been 1,200,000 applications for the 590,000
shares in the Panama C anal scheme.
A Dublin dispatch of the 10th says Judge
Fitzgerald had received a letter threatening
him with death unless he charged fairly in
the Limerick cases.
An explosion in the ^Penygrieg colliery in
Wales, early on the morning of the 10th,
shook the ground for miles around. Over
eighty miners perished. Four men were rescued, but thirty-four corpses were discovered
by an exploring party.
The British Geographical Society is preparing for an Arctic expedition by way of Franz
Josef Land.
English farmers to the number of 1,430
went into bankruptcy last j-ear.
A land meeting was held -at Ballinai, Ireland, on the 12th at which resolutions were
passed protesting against Chief-Justice
May's presiding at the trials of the indicted
Leaguers.
The Brazilian Senate has passed a bill
opening the Chamber to Protestants, naturalized foreigners and freedmen.
Late Chilian advices announce that seventeen transports carrying 9,000 men had, sailed
to attack Lima,
The death Of Mme. Thiers, widow of the
late President of the French Republic, occurred at Paris on the 12th.
England is forwarding troops to Basuto-
land, where the rebellion has assumed a
serious phase.
A school at Lennoxville, P. Q., has been
recently closed on account of typhoid fever.
Twenty-two lives were lost by the wreck
of an unknown vessel in Pleasant Bay, New
Brunswick, on the llth.
A London telegram of the 12th says the demand of Secretary Forster for two additional
regiments for Ireland seemed to alarm the
people of Great Britain, the force already stationed there being equal to the British legions at Inkerman.
LATER  UEWS.
The motion to quash the -Indictment
against the four persons connected with the
Truth newspaper, charged with criminal libel
of General Garfield, w*as denied on the 13th,
in the Court of General Sessions, New York
City. The Judge transferred the case for
trial to the Court of Oyer and Terminer.
The late census gives Utah a population of
143,907. Of this number, 74,471 are males
and 69,436 females; 99,974 are of native and
■43,933 of foreign birth.
General and Mrs. Grant arrived at
Washington on the evening of the 13th. They
were met by the Marine Band and an escort
of the Boys in Blue. They were the guests
of General Beale.
The President on the 13th designated Secretary Ramsey, Of the War Department, to
take charge of the Navy Department, pending an appointment to the vacancy caused by
the resignation of Secretary Thompson.
In the case of the Rev. T. Pelham Dale, o
the Church of England, who was recently
tried, convicted and sent to prison for a violation of the Public Worship law of England,
by adopting high-ritualistic practices in his
church servicesf the Court 6f Queen's Bench,
to which it was appealed, gave its decision on
■ the 13th, sustaining the verdict and the penalty of the Ecclesiastical Court.
The Treasury Department in Washington
on the-13th issued §400,000 in silver certifi-.
cates upon deposits of gold in New York.
In the British Cabinet. Council on the 13th
it:was decided to request of the Queen the
immediate suspension of the habeas corpus
in Ireland, and to* ask of Parliament an act*
of indemnity for such suspension.
BAron de Friedland and his wife, the
latter being a daughter of the Duke de Per-
siguy; have been arrested in Paris upon the
charge of forging her grandmother's signature to acceptances for 198,000 francs.
A Washington telegram of the 13th says
it had been finally determined to appoint
General 0. O. Howard to succeed General
Schofield at West Point. The latter would be
sent to command a new military division
with headquarters at New Orleans. General Miles would probably succeed General
Howard.
The bill for the relief of Fitz John Porter
was taken up—35 to 15—in the United States
Senate on the 13th, and argued at considerable length, a motion, by Mr. Edmunds limiting to one year the tim£ within which Porter's
restoration to the army could be made being
rejected by a strict party vote, except that
Davis (111.) and McDonald voted aye. Several bills were introduced. Nearly one hundred bills and resolutions were introduced in
the House. Mr. Townsend (Ohio) presented
the credentials of E. B. Taylor, as member-
elect to succeed President-elect Garfield,
from the Nineteenth Ohio District, which
Avere referred to the Committee on Elections.
A resolution was introduced by Mr. Calkins
and adopted expressing the sympathy of the
House for the unhappy laboring classes of
Ireland, The Electoral-ejwnt resolution was
further debated-
OCCURRENCES OF INTEREST.
Jesse Fomeroy's "Cutest Attempt to lEscap*.
The fact that Jesse Pomeroy, the notorious
boy-murderer, has "within a month made another effort to secure that liberty which outraged law denies him has been made public,
but the methods employed by him to secure
his release have thus far remained unknown.(
They will be better understoodafter the cell in*
which he is confined has been described. It is
on the ground floor of the Concord State
Prison, in a short wing extending westward
from the main building between the
west whig- proper and the kitchen. It is
twice the size of those for prisoners of the
ordinary character, measuring ten feet by
eight on the floor lines and being eight feet in
height, and it Is lined with boiler iron five-
eighths of an inch in thickness, except at the
window and door space. The former space is
filled with thick hammered glass and heavily
barred; the latter is so thoroughly grated that
no prisoner can, unless a person on the outside
be exceptionally near, commit any of those
crimes that are all too common with felons of
desperate character. The cell Is precisely like
those in which Whelton, Brown and several
others who are considered unsafeare confined.
They are all Separated from the outer air by
their rear wall, and lighted from large windowa
that open from the wide corridor upon which
they face. |
The boiler iron with which they are lined is
f asteued in the rear to a brick wall eighteen
inches in thickness, in which are imbedded
stout steel rods that form a cage, whose bars
are less than six inches apart, by bolts an inch
in diameter, their heads being an inch and a
half across. These bolts are near the floor and
the ceiling, and upon the upper row POmeroy
operated snccessfully. By some means, at
present nnknown, but scarcely uncertain, he
obtained several saws^ not more than three
inches in length. With these he cut off the
heads of eighteen bolts and sawed
from the plate a piece measuring
about eighteen by, twelve inches, which
he could remove at any time with
the shears that he uses in brush making.
His operations were discovered long before
he had completed them. The night watchman heard him sawing weeks before he was
warned to desist, but he was allowed to proceed in order that he might see of how little
use it is for him to try to effect his own release. When at length he was told that he had
gone far enough, he said to the Warden that
he would escape some time. To this General
Chamberlain replied: "The minute you put
your head into the yard there will be a bullet
put through it," a remark that seemed to discourage Pomeroy more than the discovery of
his work had done.
His method of concealing his Operations was
as ingenious as his perseverance In it was remarkable. As soon as he had removed a bolt-
head he fashioned a substitute for it in soap,
which he placed upon the wall. He was allowed a can of paint and a brush to keep the interior of his cell fresh to the eye, and by the,
use of these he would color the soap' so that it
could not be told from that which it was intended to represent. The cut in the plate was
filled with the same material and stained in
the same manner, thus preventing the detection of the unsoundness of what might be considered an almost impregnable Interior.
Warden Chamberlain says of Pomeroy that
he is not insane; that, on the contrary, he has
got the most level head of any convict in the
prison, and that his perseverance in attempting to escape is as wonderful as his shrewdness is remarkable.—Boston Journal.
The Terrible Tracedy at Chester, III.
A Chester (111.) special to the Chicago Times
of the 9th gives the following account of the
horrible tragedy recently enacted In 'that
place:
"Last Friday Louis Tockstein, a man twenty-six years old, a farmer living about a mile
east of this city, showed signs of insanity and
was brought to town and placed in jail for safe
keeping. Sunday bis brother took him home.
In the afternoon, when left unguarded, he
forced his sisters out into the yard, making
them kneel down and pray, but was surprised
by the return of his brother. After getting
into the house he became violent, and had to
be tied down. Monday he was delivered to
the Sheriff,, tried by the County Court, and
ordered committed to the Insane Asylum at
Anna, HI. He had to be held until Tuesday
noon, for transportation. The Sheriff placed
him in charge of James Waters and his
brother, Louis Gerlach, locked in a room
in the St. Charles Hotel, on the ground
floor. The prisoner was very quiet
throughout the night and was awakened
to wash for breakfast. He got up pleasantly
and started to wash, when suddenly ho threw
the water into Gerlach's face and jumped for
the window. Waters caught hold of his coat,
but did ndt succeed in holding him. He and
Gerlach pursued him, but the maniac bounded
over fences and ditches like a deer, and was
soon out of sight. He ran west down a long,
sloping hill. At the foot of the hill on a little
plat of ground stood the house of Thomafi
Ryan, a small one-story whitewashed house,
about one hundred yards from any neighbors.
The occupants o.n Tuesday morning were
Thomas Ryan, an old man, weak and feeble,
between seventy and eighty years of age, his
daughter, Mrs. Smith, about thirty-five years
old, Mrs. Smith's daughter Sarah, aged twelve,
and Ryan's grandson, Arthur .Bardoff, ten
years old. The maniac stopped on the hillside
and took off his boots. Then he jumped a rail-
fence and plunged bodily through the window,
smashing the glass and sash. Overturning the
"[table, he rushed into the bedroom of pldman
•Ryan and commenced to pull him out of bed.
The boy, who slept with his grandfather, woke
up and crawled over the foot of the bed, ran
out-doors, and passed his aunt and cousin at
the corner of the house, his aunt holding an ax
in her hand. He kept running, and gave the
alarm to the neighbors, who hastened .to the
scene, but too late. Ryan, the woman and'
■little girl were welteringJn their blood, great
streams flowing from ther heads and throats.
The head of the little girl was cut entirely off,
leaving the chin attached to the body, the
head being carried away by the murderer. The
neighbors were horrified and stood stunned
upon viewing the remains, while the maniac
bounded over the hills, swinging the bleeding
head in defiance. Gaining the woodi, he disappeared from view, tearing the clothing from
his body and scattering the pieces asheran. He
cleared the woods and came out at the back part
of Dr. Gordon's premises.; "Leaping the fence
he rushed into the kitchen, the child's head
Btill in his hands. The hired girl, Mary Hight-
come, had just built the lire, when Tockstein
struck her with the head, knocking her down,
He then rushed into tbe bedroom of Mrs. Edward Gordon, pulled her out of bed, and would
have murdered her, but the screams of both
women brought the hired man, Louis Horn-
beck, to their assistance, who, after a desperate
struggle, succeded in downing Tockstein. Dr.
Gordon and Hornbeck tied him securely with
ropes. The madman struggled desperately to
get the head of little Sarah, saying it was his
sister's head, and he wanted it. He was again
remanded to the care of the Sheriff,
" Tho Times reporter visited the scene soon
after the murder, and viewed the bodies and
the premises. Ryan's body lay about ten feet
from the corner of the house. To, the right
lay the body of Mrs. Smith. About five feet
on the other side of her lay little Sarah Smith,
the head having been returned to the body.
The sight was horrible. Great pools of blood
saturated the ground in heaps of human goife.
The gory ax, on which the hairs of the old.
gray-headed man were still sticking, was there
between the bodies, and the gold dental plate
knocked from the mouth of Mrs. Smith with
her two teeth still attached. The ax-showed
of the yellow clay on the outside of the house.
There were no signs of any struggle. They
were killed on the spot where they undoubtedly knelt to pray."
The Treasury.
[Extracts from the Annual Report of the
Secretary of the Treasury.]
The ordinary revenues, from all sources for
the fiscal year ended June 80,1880, were §333,-
536,610.98.
The ordinary expenditures for the same
period were §267,643,957.78, leaving a surplus
revenue of §65,883,653:20, which, with an
amount drawn from cash balance in Treasury
of §8,081,434.21, making §73,968,087.41, was applied to the redemption of bonds, fractional
currency, loan of 1858, temporary loan, bounty-land scrip, compound-interest notes, 7.30
notes of 186_-65, one and two-year notes, and
old demand notes.
The amount due the sinking fund for this
year was §37,931,643.55. There was applied
thereto, from the redemption of bonds and
fractional currency, as shown in the above
statement, the sum of §73,904,617.41, an excess
of §35,973,973.86 over the amount actually required for the year.
The requirements of the Sinking-fund law
have been substantially observed, and the
principal of the public debt, less cash in the
Treasury and exclusive of accruing: interest,
has been reduced from §2,753,431,571.13, its
•highest point, which it reached on August 31,
1865, to §1,890,025,740.89, on November 1,1880—a
reduction of §866,405,830.54.
Compared with the previous fiscal year, the
receipts for 1880. have increased §63,639,438.33.
The expenditures show an increase over the
previous year of §35,190,360.48.
The act of February 35, lS(52, amended !>y the
act of July 14, 1870, providing for a sinking-
fund for the payment of the public debt, is in
conformity with the policy which has prevailed since the adoption of the Constitution, of
regarding a public debt as a temporary burden, to be paid off as rapidly as the public Interests Will allow. The provisions of these acts
have been substantially complied with. They
were executed literally, until the panic of
1873, by largely decreasing the revenues of the
Government, rendered it impossible to meet
their requirements.    .
refunding.
A large portion (§687,350,630) of the public
debt becomes payable or redeemable on or before July 1, next.
■> The Secretary recommends that provision
be made for the issue of an amount not exceeding §400,000*000 of Treasury notes in denominations not less than ten dollars, bearing
interest not exceeding four per cent, per annum, and running from, one to ten years, to
be sold at not less than par, the amount
maturing during any year not to exceed
the sinking-fund for that year, and
the; proceeds ;to be applied to the
payment of five and six per cent, bonds," maturing in 1881. It is also recommended that
authority be given to sell at par an amount not
exceeding §400,000,000 of bonds of the character and description, of the four per cent.bonds
of the United States now outstanding, but
bearing a rate of interest not" exceeding three
and sixty-five one-hundredths per cent, per
annum, and redeemable at the pleasure of the
United States after fifteen years, the proceeds
to be applied to the payment of bonds redeemable on or before July 1,1881. ,
resumption.
Nothing has occurred since my last annual
report to disturb or embarrass the easy maintenance .of specie payments. United States
notes are readily taken at par with coin in all
parts of this country and in the chief commercial marts of the world. The balance of
coin in the Trea-jHlry available for their redemption on the first day of November last
was §141,597,013.61, and the average during
the year has not materially varied from that
sum. The only noticeable change in there-
serve is the gradual increase of silver coin
caused by the coinage of the silver dollar and
the redemption of fractional silver coin.
The amount ot notes presented tor redemption for one year'prior to November 1,1880,
was §706,658. The amount of coin or bullion
deposited in the Treasury, assay office, and the
mints, during the same period was §71,396,535-
.67. These deposits have usually been paid for
in coin, throngh the clearing house, but at
times, when the currency in the Treasury,
would allow, and at the request of the depositors, they have been paid lor in United States
notes and silver certificates, Goldlcoin now
enters largely into general circulation. The
total coin in the Treasury, at the close of busiu
ness, November _,. was. §218,710,154, of which
§111,597,013.61 constituted the reserve fund for
the redemption of United States notes, as
above stated.
UNITED STATES   NOTES.
United States notes are now, in form, security and convenience, the best circulating medium' known. The objection is made that they
are issued by the Government, aud that it is
not the business of the Government to furnish
paper money, but only to com money. The
answer is, that the Government had to borrow
money, and is still in debt. The United States
note, to the extent that it is willingly taken
by the people, and can, beyond question, be
maintained at par in coin,' is the
least burdensome form of debt. The
loss of interest in maintaining
the resumption-fund, and the cost of printing
and engraving the present amount of United
States notes, are less than one-half the interest
on an equal sum of four per cent, bonds. The
public thus saves over seven millions dollars
of annual interest, and secures a safe and convenient medium of exchange, and has the
assurance that a sufficient reserve in coin
will be retained in the Treasury beyond the
temptation of diminution, such as always
attends reserves held by banks.
Another objection to the issue of United
States notes is, that they are made a legal-
tender in the payment of debts. The question of the constitutional power of Congress
to make them such- is one for another branch
of the Government. The Secretary of the
Treasury is still of the opinion that this quality
oflegal tender does not add to the useiulness,
safety, or circulation of United States notes.
SO far as it excites distrust and opposition to
this form of circulating-notes it is a detriment.* The fear that a withdrawal of this attribute will contract the currency is as delusive as was the fear that resumption would
have a like effect.'" The* notes would
still be received and paid out . by the
Government, and, like bank-notes, would
not be refused in payment for debts
while. ,they, were redeemable and promptly redeemed in coin on presentation.
As the quality of legal-tender was attached to
these notes- when first issued, aud was then
essential to their value and circulation, the
public mind is sensitive when any proposition
is made that by possibility might impair their
value, but it is their redemption in coin that
makes them now equal to coin and of ready
clrcuhition in a'l the marts of the world.
While this is maintained it becomes comparatively immaterial whether they are a legal-
tender or not, and if by the action of Congress
or the Courts they are deprived of this quality
they will still be the favorite money of tho
people.
Another objection to United States notes is,r
that the amount of the issue may be enlarged
by Congress, and that this power is liable lo
abuse. This objection may be made to all the
great essential powers of the Government. A
sufficient answer is that, since their first issue
they have been carefully limited in amount,
and invested with every quality to improve
their value and circulation. Every effort to
increase the amount, made during a period of
great depression, tailed. Now that they are
redeemable in coin there is no temptation for
over-issue. * ■        •*......
COINS AND  COINAGE.        *     ■ ■
The coinage executed at tho mints during
the fiscal year has exceeded in value that of
any previous year since the organization of
the Government. Its total amount, not including the minor coinage, was §84,100,172.50,
of which it is estimated §63,000,000 was proba
bly from domestic and §21,000,000 from im-
portsd bullion.
The coin circulation of the country on Janu-
* ary 1,1879, the date fixed for resumption, is
estimated from the statistics of coinage and
excess of Imports Of coin over exports, to have
been:
United States gold coin §373,271,707
United States gold bullion. ;...     5,038,419
United States silver coin.. ...     95,516,712
United States silver bullion.....    11,057,091
Total...,..;.-.  ..§384,SS3,929
This had increased, on the 30th of June, last,
by coinage and imports of coin, to:
 §358,95S,691
   143,597,030
United States gold coin...
United States silver coin.
Total  ,..:........ $501,555,711
This was further increased from coinage
and imports, during the four months, to "November 3, by:
Coinage of gold.  §14,544,599
Excess of imports over exports of
United States gold coin       1,830,591
Total.
... §16,365,190
Coinage of silver.     §9,113,000
Excess of imports over exports of
United States silver coin., .        567,534
Total.     §9,6S0,524
There was In the mints and assay offices on
the 1st of November bullion held for coinage
amounting to §78,558,811.55 of gold, and §6,-
043,367.37 of silver, making- the total coin circulation and bullion available for coinage in
the country of:
Gold...  .§453,883,693
 - .*.   158,330,911
Silver...
Total   §612,203,603
STANDARD-SILVER DOLLAR."
In eomplitynce with the provisions of the act
of February 38,1878, during the last fiscal year
24,363,571.38 standard ounces of silver bullion,
costing §34,973,161.S1 (an average of §3,081,013-
48 per month), were purchased, of which 34,-
005,566.41 ounces were coined into 27,933,750
standard-silver dollars. The total coinage of
standard-silver dollars since the passage of the
act, up to November 1,18S0, has been §73,847,-
750, at which date §47,084,450 were in the Treasury. Of the latter amount §19,780,341 were
represented by outstanding silver Certificates,
the amount in actual circulation at that date
being §35,763,391.
Since the passage of that act the Department has issued numerous circulars and
notices to the public, in Which it has offered
every inducement which it could under .the
law to facilitate the general distribution and
circulation of these coins. It has required
United States disbursing officers to pay them
out in payment for salaries and for other current obligations, and it has offered to place
the silver in the hands of the people throughout the United States without expense for
transportation, when sent by express, and at
an expense for registration-fee only, when
sent by registered mail.
Not-withstanding these efforts, it is found to
be difficult to maintain in circulation more
than thirty-five per cent, of the amount coined. While at special seasons of the year, and
for special purposes, this coin is in demand,
mainly in the South, it returns again to the
Treasury, and its reissue involves an expense
for transportation at an average rate of one-
third of one per cent, each time. Unlike gold
coin or United States notes, it does not, to the
same extent, form a part of the permanent
circulation, everywhere acceptable, and, when
flowing into the Treasury, easilypaid out with
little or no cost of transportation. The reasons
for this popular discrimination against the
silver dollar are:
1. It is too bulky for large transactions, and
its use is confined mainly to payments for
manual labor and for market purposes or f or
chang:e. The amount needed for these purposes Is already in excess of the probable
demand.
2. It is known to contain a quantity of silver
of less market value than the gold in gold
coin. This fact would not impair the circulation of such limited amount as experience
shows to be convenient for use, but It does
prevent its being held or hoarded as reserves,
or exported, and pushes it into active circulation until it returns to the Treasury, as the
least valuable and desirable money In use.
For these reasons the Secretary respectfully
"but earnestly recommends that the further
compulsory coinage of the silver dollar be suspended, or, as an alternative, that the number
of grains of silver in the dollar be increased so
as. to make it equal in market Value to the gold
dollar, and that its coinage be left as other
coinage to the Secretary of the Treasury or
the Director of tho Mint, to depend upon the
demand for it by the public for convenient
circulation.
The average cost of the silver in a standard
dollar, as shown by the purchases for the Government from the date of the Resumption act
to this time, measured by the gold standard, is
§0.906, or in a ratio of 1 to 17.64. Upon this
ratio a silver dollar, in order to be of
equal value to a gold dollar, should contain
455 3 grains. As the expense of coining
a silver dollar is equal to the value of about
five grains of standard silver bullion, it is confidently believed that a silver dollar containing
450 grains, based upon a ratio of one of gold to
about 17.5 of silver, could be safely coined, as
demanded for use or exportation, without demonetizing gold or disturbing contracts or
business, and with great advantage to the
silver-mining interests of our country. Upon
the facts stated, it would seem to be wise policy now, in the spirit of the Constitution, to
regulate by law the coin-value of the two
metals so as to conform to the market ratio.
NATIONAL BANKS.
The capital stock of the National Banks on
October 1,1880, was §457,553,850; surplus, §130,-
518,583; and the total circulation outstanding,
§343,949,893.
National Banks are organized In every State
of the Union except Mississippi, and-in every
Territory except Arizona; and the total number iu operation is 3,095, which is the greatest
number that has been in operation at any one
time.
The capital stock of the National Banks
is §47,000,000 less and the surplus nearly §14,-
000,000 ' less than at the corresponding
date in 1875. The loans of ihe banks
at the date .of their last returns were
§1,037,000,000, and the individual deposits §S73,-
OCO.OOO, the highest points reachedi since the
organization of the system, the loans being
§307,000,000 greater and the individual deposits §253,000,000 greater than iu October, 1878,
while the capital and surplus at the previous
date were §5,000,000 in excess of their present
amounts.
The individual deposits and the public, private and bank deposits, not deducting the
amount due from banks and the amount of
the clearing-house exchanges, have increased
more than §332,000,009, and amount to the unprecedented sum of §1,155,000,000.
The National Banks hold nearly §300,000,000
of United States bonds, which will mature on
or before July next.
The whole amount of United States bonds
hcjd by the National Banks as security for circulation and for other purposes is §403,369,350,
and the average amount of capital invested by
the State banks, savings-banks, and private
bankers forthe six months ending May 31,1SS0,
as shown by the returns to this Department for
purposes of taxation, is §228,053,101, making a
total of §031,433.454.
The profit, upon circulation, to the National
Banks, at the present price of bonds in tho
market is estimated not to exceed VA per
cent, upon the capital invested, aud the
amount ci* State and National taxes is more
than 4 per cent, upon the amount of circulation.
*BThe National-Banking system has fully realized all the expectations of its founders. It
has furnished a safe currency, of uniform circulation, carefully guarded against count cr-
■feiting, protected by ample reserves, a-id
promptly redeemed both at the banks and i he
Treasury. No other legislation in respect tD
these important corporations seems to be re-
. quired at the present session.
an Honest Man" is
PUN-SENT PARAGRAPHS.
—The rows that all are praising are
Hanlari's.—Detroit Free Press.
—A clothes comparison—matching
silks.—Philadelphia Chronicle.
—A green correspondent wants to
know if policemen are protectionists.—
Philadelphia Herald.
—Honey is selling thirty per cent,
.cheaper than last year in the markets,
and the hees have been celling it all
summer for nothing.—Graphic.
—"The Story of
the title of Edmund About's latest work.
Is it necessary to add that- it is a work
of fiction.—Boston Post.
■—Kant has said: " Expression is the
mystery of beauty." There is nothing
to explain the mystery of hash.—A'l 0.
Picayune.
—In an interior town in Texas, a
prominent crockery dealer joined the
church and now his friends pleasantly
refer to him as a converted Chinaman.
Galveston News.
—A bright little girl, who had successfully spelled the word " that," was
asked by her governess what would remain after the "■ t" had been taken
away. " The dirty cups and saucers,"
was the reply.—Pottery Gazette.
—What a relief it is to turn from the
political editorials in exchanges to the.
calm, dignified statements to be found
in the local notices of patent medicines.
There is no lying in patent medicine advertisements.—Peck\s Milwaukee Sun. *   -
. —In the world's broad field of battle,      • •
Where so many dangers lurk.
Always try to shun hard labor.
Pass it by with pleasing smirk; Q
For the money always goes to
Those who all exertions shirk,
While the men get next to nothing
Who do all the hardest work.
—OU City DerrkJc
m  t  » 	
Ashes as a Fertilizer. *
The residue that remains from the ,
consumption of vegetable substances by
fire is called the ash, and contains the.,
mineral elements that enter into their ,,.. *;
structure, and a very large percentage
of potash.   This substance is one of the;   ' ;*
principal fertilizing elements that enter    -
into the composition of all plants and -  .v
especially all farm crops.    -Decomposition of vegetable substance   likewise
produces ash, but the process is -very
much slower, being produced by natural
combustives instead of artificial. When,      ,
therefore, it is considered that this has
been taken from the soil it is more clear ' *
to see the importance of returning as   . «*
much as possible to the soil again, and
yet, very much care is to be used in the    *..,'
application of ashes in order to produce
the best results.     Thus,   since ashes
have a natural tendency to absorb moisture, they are considered much more
valuable when applied to soils inclined
to be sandy and dry.   Ashes afford an
excellent   top-dressing  for   manuring
lands, or pastures, where they are apr
plied as a top dressing.   As an experiment to demonstrate their value, a pasture was selected, an exceedingly poor
tract of land, quite hilly, and the hills
formed of coarse gravelly soil that was  ,   .
productive of but little and poor grass.
An application of from 250 to 300 bushels per acre was made, and the following July the hillsides were covered with
a thick mat of grass and clover, very
much superior to the average of pastures in this State, and we might fwell    -
say of  some  mowing  fields.    While
farmers have been in the habit of using
some that they have themselves made,
they have not been particular enough
m saving all that they might.   Every    ..-.
family that burns wood in the kitchen
accumulates quite a quantity of ashes
during the year, and their importance
in agriculture is such that they should
be carefully collected in order that they
may go to swell the amount of fertilizing material upon the farm, and a little '
trial will soon determine upon what '■.'
portions of the f arm they may be applied • -_
with a reasonable assurance of good results.—JJtica Herald.
Postage Now and Then.
Old-time postage, as compared with
present rates, is  something surprising.  • ,.--
Hutton, in his sketch of the life of Sir
Walter   Scott, relates • that   while the
authorship of the Waverly novels was
still very much of a mystery Scott having already become famous, his bills for
letters " seldom came   under   £150 a
year," and " as to coach parcels, they
were a perfect ruination."    He says
that on one occasion a mighty package     ■>
came by post from the United States,     t-
for which Scott had to pay five pounds
sterling.    It contained   a  manuscript
play called "The Cherokee  Lovers,"
by a  young  lady of  New  York, who     >
begged Scott to "read and   correct, it
write a prologue, get it put on the stage... •■
at Drury Lane and negotiate with Constable or Murray for the copyright.    In    ;**
about a fortnight another package not     »
less formidable arrived,  oharged with    .-'■
a similar  postage,   which  Scott   (not     ^
grown cautious by experience) reckless-   7
ly opened.   Out" jumped  a  duplicate'!* *-
copy of "The Cherokee Lovers," with.*
a second  letter  from  the   authoress,,.-• J
stating that   as the weather had been    ^
stormy and she feared that something    ;
might  have   happened to  her former
manuscript, she had thought it prudent
to send a duplicate. .       , T.
Por  twenty-five   dollars (which Sir-
Waiter had  thus   to   pay  twice   and .   ;
which was doubtless nearly all inland    *_
British postage,   since   in   those   days * •;
only ship letters were sent to Europe,"   *
the sea postage on which was merely
nominal) a package weighing between.   ,.
fifteen and sixteen pounds may now be   -..
conveyed in the regular mail from the
United. States to almost any part of the
world.—Letter to the Washington Star.
 •-♦-• —       *
—An  English  woman resisted  the
payment of £6 to a school teacher  on
the ground that he had starved her boy. .   '
On the trial it was shown that the boy
was fed at breakfast oh "bread   and.
dripping" and at dinner on beef and
potatoes with the, skins on, whereas he   ,,
liked his potatoes mashed.   The judge . =
decided  in fayor   of the schoolmaster    -
because, although the terms were thej,- .„?
same as of Squeers at Potheboy's Hall-,-
in Dickens' "Nicholas  Nickleby,"-. yet^
the  fare  was   much  improved.     He   ..
thought bread and dripping ten times   "*"
better than bread and bad butter; and'"
that,   although   the principal had not-v'7
been  "a father, to the  boy,"   as., he- y
promised he would, he had not entirely
Tailed in his contract-
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