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LE BAOT & NISSLY, Proprietors.
SALINE, WASHTENAW COUNTY, MICHIGAN, AUGUST 25, 1881.
VOL. I.-NO. 41.
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MEWS SUMMARY.
Important Intelligence from All Parts
. Domestic.
CWiteatx, the assassin, was discovered in
possession of a knife in his cell on the morning of the 17th, and one of the jail-guards
undertook to take it away from him, when a
scuffle ensued, during which a pistol was
discharged, but no one was hurt. The knife
was taken away from the prisoner.
Mrs.. Michael Pay, of Albany, N. T.,
while in the yard attached to her residence
a few days ago, saw what appeared to be a
garment floating in a duck-pond. She attempted to pick the cloth up, and was horrified on pulling the dead form of her little
daughter from the water. The child was
but two years of age.
Two htotdred Italians, just out of. Castle
Garden, reached Norwalk, Ohio, on the
ISth, and went to work on the "Wheeling &
Lake Erie Eoad.
Lieutenant Flipper, the colored graduate of "West Point, is in the guard-house
at Port Davis, charged with defrauding the
Government of $1,000 while acting as Commissary of Subsistence.
A conference with Indian chiefs at
Washington on. the ISth resulted in an offer
by the Sioux to give each Ponca family a
square mile Of land in Northern Nebraska.
The switchmen employed by the Erie
Road at Olean, N. Y., struck on the 18th for
au advance from $1.66 to $2 per day, leaving
4,000 freight cars in the yards.
Special Agent Bigelow, after a tour
of investigation in the Dominion of Canada, found that one-third of .all the mail
sacks and four-fifths of all the pouches
used by the Canadian Post-office Department belong to the United States. It is said
that the State Department will make a demand on Canada for compensation for the
use of the property.
Tung "Wi Chaing, the Assistant Commissioner of Education attached to the Chinese Legation at Washington, states that
the removal of the Chinese youths from
Hartford is not on account of any fear of
their being Americanized, but because the
Imperial Government wishes to avail itself
of their services.
Postmaster-General James on the ISth
issued an order calling the attention of Postmasters to. the necessity of effectually canceling the stamps on mail matter. Neglect
in this, mitter'had caused considerable loss
to the Government.
A Mexican train recently sent out from
Sonora to purchase supplies at Tombstone
was robbed by Arizona cow-boys and two
of its men killed. In retaliation, a party of
American butchers who went*to the border
ranches to purchase cattle were surprised
by Mexicans, while asleep, and six of the
number put to death. The military authorities at Camp Grant and the Mexican niili-
-?#™       tary authorities have arranged for united
action against the border thieves.
s _
Lieutenant Bay. in command of the
Point Barrow Expedition, has reported to
General Hazen that the expedition had
reached latitude 45 deg. 19 min. 59 sec,
longitude 136 deg. 44 min. 45 sec, on the
28th ult., all in excellent health and condition.
A disagreement between the whites and
blacks of Morrilton, Ark., has led to several
battles and a threat to burn the town.
Rev. Mr. Fairly, a Congregational minister, was drowned afc Falmouth, Mass., on
the 19th, while fishing from a carriage.
A disturbed condition of affairs prevailed afc Orange, Texas, on the 19th. Sheriff
Mitchell was dangerously wounded by a
party of blacks, of whom two were subsequently shot and a third hanged.        i
A handsome young woman giving her
name as Mrs. Mary L. Beminger, of Brooklyn, appeared at the "White House on the
19th and demanded an opportunity to cure
the President, ior which purpose slie had
come from Paris. She was sent to ihe insane asylum, where it was found that she
wore the costume of a ballet-dancer under
her dress.
A freight train on the Marietta & Cincinnati Boad was thrown from the track by
running against a cow on the 19th. Engineer Eichendant waskiiled and Fireman
Taylor injured.
The exports of bacon in July, 1S80, aggregated $4,078,136. In July, 1881 / they
amounted to $3,G33,559. The trichinte scare
is said to be responsible for the decrease.
The total value of the domestic bread-
stuffs exported from the United States during the seven months ended July 31, 1881,
was $131,962,709, against $153,586,362 worth
exported curing the • corresponding seven
months of last year.
The document for the transfer of land
from the Sioux Indians to the Poncas was
signed in "Washington on the 20thby the .Indians arid by the Secretary of the Interior
and the • Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
The agreement cedes one section of six hundred and forty acres to each Ponca family
and each unmarried male of the tribe over
twenty-one years old, but must be ratified
by Congress and -by three-fourths of the
Sioux Indians. Bed Cloud stated that, if
Little Chief and his band of Cheyennes were
permitted to go hack from the Indian Territory to the Bed Cloud agency this fall, the
Siduxwould help support them until spring.
Postmaster-General James has issued
an order that persons who are, or who. expect to be, annoyed by postal-cards from
any particular place, or from any known
person, may have them destroyed by the
Postmaster at either the mailing or receiving office by making a request to that effect
in writing.
The following statement was sent from
Washington on the 20th: National Bank
notes received for redemption during the
week, $1,051,000. against $709,000 for the
corresponding week last year. National
Banknotes outstanding; Currency, "(330.-
487,940; gold notes, $1,087,675; total, $357,-
575,615. United States bonds held to secure
National Bank circulation: Currency sixes,
$3,561,000; six-per-cents,. $52,000; five-per-
cents,$3,7l5,450;four-and-!i-half-per-cents,
$32,2(35,000; four-per-cents, $91,164,300;
three-and-a-half-per-cents, $232,559,250.
Total, $363,820,000.
. The Ohio Board of Agriculture makes an
estimate for August of 72 per cent, of a full
crop of wheat, 70 per cent, of corn, and
1,000,000 bushels increase of oats. The figures for wheat were taken Horn measurements from one thousand thrashing-
machines during three weeks.
The steam-tug A. B. Ward exploded her
boiler in the river at Chicago, near Clark
"W- street bridge, early on the morning of the
20th. William Wilson, the engineer, and
William McDonald, the linesman, were
instantly killed; Captain Frank S. Butler
*"\ Wis* fcerious'y, aud probably fatally, injured,
and Michael McDonald, fireman, was badly
scalded.
A bag-dealer in Buffalo has been arrested and held in $1,000 bail for smuggling
woolen rags from Canada. His method was
to cover the goods up with putrid bones,
which the customs officers would not care to
investigate too closely.
Personal and Political.
Professor, Snow, of the Kansas University, and his party, who were encamped
in the mountains near" Socorro, New Mexico, and were believed to have been butch-,
ered by Apaches, have returned in safety.
On the 17th a New York citizen who' described himself as in robust health offered
to submit to transfusion if it would be likely
to save the President's life.
The Senate of Georgia has passed a bill
forbidding any person to encourage the violation of the laws prohibiting polygamy or
bigamy, under penalty of hard labor in the
Penitentiary from two to four years. The
blow is aimed at the Mormon elders now laboring in that State.
The following is a copy of the letter President Garfield wrote* to his mother on the
llth:
"Washington, D. C, August 11,1881.
Dear Mother—Upn't be disturbed by conflicting* reports about my condition. It is true
I am still weak and on my hack; but I am
gaining* every day, and need only time and
patience to bring* me through.
Give my love to aU the relatives and friends,
and espscial'y to sister Hitty and Mary. Your
loving* son, J ames A. Garfield.
Mrs. Eliza Garfield, Hiram, O.
The Minnesota Bepublican State Convention has been called to meet at St. Paul on
Wednesday, September 2S.
The Anti-Monopoly Conference met at
Utica, N. T., on the ISth, about fifty delegates being present. General A. S. Devere
was elected President, and a large number
of Vice-Presidents were chosen. A letter
of regret was received from ex-Governor
Horatio Seymour, whose ill-health prevented his addressing the Conference as had
been announced. An address to the people
of the State was issued, also a platform of
principles. The latter says the farmers, manufacturers and merchants alike
demand that they shall have advantages which accrue to them from their favorable position, and that the railroads they
have chartered and endowed with privileges
shall be operated for their benefit, and not
for their ruin. Abolition of free passes by
railroad corporations to Legislators is urged,
and enlargement of the canals and free tolls
advocated.
A New York telegram says Leo Hart-
mann, the Russian Nihilist, appeared in the
Superior Court Clerk's office in that city on
the 18th and, renouncing his allegiance to
the Emperor of Russia, filed a declaration of
his intention to become a citizen of the
United States.
The following cablegram was received at
the Executive Mansion in Washington on
the afternoon of the 17th:
Osborne, August 17.
TO Mrs. Garfield, "Washington:
• I am most anxious to know how the President is to-dav, and to express my deep sympathy with you both. The Queen.
The following reply was sent:
Her Majesty, Queen "Victoria, Osborne:
Your Majesty's kind inquiry finds the President's condition changed for the better. In
the judgment of his medical advisers there i3
strong hope of his recovery. His mind is entirely clear, and your Majesty's kind expressions of sympathy are most grateful to him,
as they are gratefully acknowledged by me.
XiUCKETIA E. &AKFIEI.D.
The will of Matthew Vassar, of Pough-
keepsie, N. Y., bequeaths $260,000 to various educational and charitable institutions.
James G. Fargo has been elected President of the American Express Company, in
place of William G. Fargo, deceased.
Thomas H. Marvin, the man who recently married a young lady of high social
standing in Richmond, Va., while his
wife was still living, was arrested at Lynn,
Mass., a few days ago, on the charge of
forgery. He will also be prosecuted on the
charge of bigamy. Marvin is described as
a most unmitigated scoundrel, and, under
various aliases, is said to have deceived ten
women into pretendedmarriagefor the purpose of aiding him.in swindling schemes.
Ex-Congressman Martin F. Conway,
of Kansas, who once shot Senator Pomeroy,
und has long been confined in the insane
asvlum at Washington, D. C, was released
on the 19th.
Lewis B. Bedmond, the North Carolina
outlaw, into whose body six bullets were
fired two months ago, has been pronounced
by his physicians -a well man, able to be
transferred to the Albany penitentiary.
Later investigations into Captain How-
gate's accounts make the sum total of his
alleged defalcation about $70,000. On the
19th he assigned his property to a friend and
gave bail in the sum of $40,000 for trial.
TiiETildenClub of Pittsburgh have named
Tilden as the Democratic candidate for
President in 1884. The Club represents the
sage of Gramercy Park as in excellent health
and spirits.
WHile cleansing the President's wound
on the 20fch thesurgeons found less resistance to the passage of the rubber tube,
and therefore allowed it to penetrate as far
as it would of its own weight, which was
12)4 inches. Nothing new was ascertained
in regard to the location of the-bullet.
The will of Mrs. Millard Fillmore, widow
of the late President Fillmore,'of Buffalo,
disposes of an estate of $300,000, of which
amount public charities will receive $50,000.
"Poreig-n.
About 200 men are at work on the excavation for the Panama Canal.
At the International Law Conference at
Cologne, Germany, on the 18th a resolution,
introduced by David Dudley Field, that in
extradition treaties neither assassination nor
attempts thereat as a means of effecting a
change of Government or redress of grievances shall be deemed a political crime, and
that the privilege of asylum be denied the
perpetrator of such deed, was unanimously
adopted.
James Caird, a well-known English agricultural expert, says two-thirds of the
wheat land of England will yield an average
crop, while the other third will fall 10 per
cent, below. Barley is the best crop of the
year, but oats are extremely deficient.
In the British House of Commons on the
18th,the motion to censure the Ministry for
the administration of the Coercion act was
defeated—83 to 30.
Live stock in Great Britain during the
past two years has been diminished by more
than 12 per cent., there being a decline of
2,000,000 sheep and. 1,000,000 lambs since
1879.
The British Government has announced
Its intention to appoint Consuls In Egypt,
with authority to travel and put a stop to
domestic slavery In that country.
The colored Bishops of the Southern
Methodist Episcopal Church arrived In London on the 18th, to fake part in the Methodist Ecumenical Council.
Another . brigand of the band which
captured Colonel Suter at Salonica last April
has been caught. The first one arrested
proved to be the Captain of the gang.
Mr. Forster, the Irish Secretary, replying to appeals recently made to him by
the English and Scotch Radicals to release
the persons imprisoned under the Coercion
act, said that the Government was anxious
to liberate the suspected parties, but they
could not do it until they were assured that
peace and tranquillity were established.
A London telegram ot the 19th announces the ratification of the Kuldja treaty
(between Bussia and China), and says
the results are regarded as favorable to Bussia. A portion qf the "Kuldja territory is
retained by the latter. China regains control of the Bi and Zelonga Bivers and the
old Jlashgar frontier, and Bussia, in behalf
of her merchants, is to have an indemnity
of 9,000,000 rubles. Freedom of trade is
extended to Bussia as far as the Great Wall.
A recent fire destroyed three-fourths of
the town of Yule, British Columbia, the loss
being estimated at $300,000 to $400,000. The
flames started in a room in a hotel occupied
by an intoxicated man, who paid the penalty
by his life.
Five Land-Leaguers were arrested at
Ballinlanders on the evening of the 19th
under the Coercion act.
Mr. Forster stated in the House of
Commons on the night of the 18th that the
total receipts of the Irish Land League since
the 1st of January amounted to $53,535
(£10,707), and that of this sum $16,615 (£9,-
343) were sent from America, while Ireland
contributed only $810 (£162).
An aeronaut of Armentieres, France,
made a balloon ascent from Montpelier on
the 14th and had not been heard from up to
the 19th. He is supposed to have been
drowned at sea.
The English journals insist that the failure of negotiations with France for a new
commercial treaty must result in a serious
curtailment of trade between the countries.
A portion of the Cornell crew charge the
other members of that ill-starred body with
having sold the race with the Austrian crew
at Vienna on the llth inst.
A Holland gentleman and two ladies
belonging to his family were recently killed
by a land-slide on the road to Tete Noire,
Switzerland.
It was officially announced at Athens on
the 20th that the Greek troops had entered
Thessaly, the Turks having previously withdrawn.
In response to the invitation of the United
States Government the French Government
has appointed a Military Commission to attend the Yorktown Centennial celebration.
Lord Dunrayen Avas interviewed at
London on the 20th in regard to the effect of
the Land hill iu Ireland. He thinks the bill
will check any injustice which a few landlords may be disposed to perpetrr«fce, and
that it will give the tenant all the concessions formerly made by humane landlords.
The ehief benefit is a system of land tenure
in accord with Irish habits and prejudices.
Farm laborers evidently derive no benefit
from the measure.
In the British House of Commons on the
20th a motion by Mr. Parnell forthe release
of Michael Davitt was defeated—62 to 12.
A New York dispatch of the 20th says
the drain of gold to this country from Europe had set in, and it was probable that it
would continue for the remainder of the
summor and well into the autumn. With
the amounts reported on the 19th as withdrawn from the Banks of England and
France there were then about $6,000,000 of
gold in transit, which would arrive in this
country within the next ten or twelve days.
The Italian Government, through the
official journal, announces that it* respects
the right of public meetings and petitions,
but will interfere with gatherings which
jeopardize international peace; that it will
effectively protect the Pope's person and
spiritual sovereignty, while resisting encroachments on the unity of the Nation.
LATER   NEWS.
The official bulletin issued at 6:30 p. m.
on the 22d says: "The President has continued to take liquid nourishment in small
quantities at stated intervals during the entire day, and has had no return of nausea or
vomiting. Nutritive enemata are also retained. The wound is looking well, and the
work of repair is going on in all portions exposed to view. The pus discharged is
healthy. At present his pulse is 110; temperature, 100.1, respiration 19." The two
previous bulletins of the day stated the pulse
at 104; temperature, 9S.4: respiration, 18.
The patient was sleeping quietly at midnight,
and both Dr. Boynton and Dr. Blis3
reported that he was slightly better than he
was during the day. He swallowed during
the day twenty ounces of liquid food, and
took about twenty ounces more by enema.
Dr. Bliss said there was not the slightest
symptom of blood-poisoning. The President, he said, was weak, and his condition
caused great anxiety to the physicians, but
the improvement in the patient's stomach
the day before gave good ground for encouragement.' The members of the Cabi-""
net, while consoling themselves with the reflection that the President was a little better
than the night before, were ''watching and
waiting with great anxiety."
A telegram of the 22d says the continued
drought in the vicinity of Cincinnati had
dried up some of the streams of that section,
and many mills worked by water power
were lying idle. The watec in the Ohio
Biver had not not been so low for twenty-
five years.
A St. Petersburg dispatch of the 22d
states that the Russian Government would
ask the extradition of Leo Hartmann from
the United States.
The report which had been current for
several days, that there had been, a conference between the Vice-President and the
Stalwart leaders in regard to the right or
duty of the former to assume the functions
of the Presidency in consequence of General
Garfield's Illness, was emphatically and authoritatively denied on the 20th.
The elections in Spain have resulted in
great success for the Liberals, who have
captured two-thirds of the districts heard
from.
The yield of wheat now being thrashed
in Central Iowa is from five to nine bushels
per acre.
Queen Victoria signed the Irish Land
bill on the 22d and it went into immediate
effect.
The result of the French elections on the
21st was the success of 279 Republican candidates and 39 of the Opposition. As far as
heard from the Republicans gain 15 members.
Attorney-General MacVeagh has decided that, although the law givc3 preference to ex-soldiers as candidates for Government positions, the right for preference
cannot be observed until they have passed
. the sanie examination prescribed for other
candidates in the civil service.
Exploration of the President's Wound.
"Washington, August 20.
In an interview with a representative of
the press this afternoon Dr. Bliss gave in
substance the following account of the recent exploration of the President's wound
by^means of a flexible rubber catheter, reference to which was made for the first time
in the noon bulletin to-day:
Since the operation of the 8th of August
no drainage tube has been used in the
wound. At the morning and evening dressings, however, a small flexible rubber tube
about a quarter of an inch in diameter was
introduced, and a weak solution of carbolic
acid and water forced through it to cleanse
the wound and bring out the accumulated
pus. "Up to yesterday morning the surgeons had been unable to pass the tube
beyond a point distant three and a
half or four inches from the mouth
of the last incision. At that point
it always met with an obstruction
which could not be overcome without the
exertion of force, and force the surgeons
did not think it prudent to employ. The
apparent firmness of this obstacle finally
led the surgeons to believe the depths of the
wound had healed, or at least the track of
the ball bad healed at a point where the
rubber catheter was stopped. A few days
since, however, it was noticed that the
quantity of pus discharged by the wound at
one of the regular dressings was greater
than the quantity of water which the wound
would hold after the dus had been removed.
On Thursday Dr. Bliss made a long examination of the wound, but was still unable to get the tube deeper than about
three and a half inches. On Friday morning, however, during the dressing of the
wound, a small piece of cellular tissue, a
piece about as large as the end of one's little finger, sloughed off or became detached,
and was washed out with the pus. This
fragment of tissue had apparently been half
del ached for some time, and had
acted as a sort of rude valve at
the point where the @ track of the ball
seemed to be obstructed, closing it against
the catheter and against water from the
outside, but opening to pressure from the
inside, and allowing the outflow of pus from
the deeper parts of the wound. Upon the
removal of this fragment of tissue, Dr. Bliss
again introduced a flexible rubber tube,
and, finding it no longer encountered resistance, passed it int as already stated, to a
distance of twelve and a-half inches. Almost the entire track of the ball was then
thoroughly washed out and cleansed. The
pus which came from this deeper part of
the wound, although not local in quality,
was unusually white, and was perfectly"
healthy in character. It was, in fact, better
pus than that secreted by the more superficial parts of the wound. If any septic taint
has passed into the patient's blood, it originated not in the pus, which has been entirely protected from the air, but from that
secreted in the suppurating sm-face
between the recent obstruction * and the
mouth of the incision. Nothing new with
regard to the location of the ball has been
learned, Dr. Bliss said, from the passage of
the catheter to this depth. The tube was
so soft that one could judge approximately
the direction which it had taken. It passed
downward and forward toward the point in
the anterior wail of the abdomen, where it
had always been supposed to lie, and that
was the most that could be affirmed.
 ■» • »•	
The   President's   Sufferings    During
Seven Weeks.
A Fatal Electric Shock.
A Washington special of August 21 to the
Chicago Inter-Ocean, after stating that seve.n
weeks had elapsed the day before since the
President was shot, and that his chances for
recovery were not regarded as good as they
were two weeks before the date of the telegram, says:
"It is a marvel how much the President
has endured, and if it had not been for his
immense physical strength he would certainly have died weeks ago. The case will
pass into medical history as one of the most
remarkable on record. The President was
shot at 9:20 a. m., July 2, and for four days
afterward the physicians looked for the
death of the sufferer. On the oth improvement had been so marked -that
one of the physicians advertised that
the chances were more than even for the
President's recovery. From the 6th until
the 23d of July the pulse fluctuated between
88 and 108. The temperature ranged between 98 and 102.8, and the respiration be-*
tween 18 and 24. On the 23d there was a
marked change for the worse in the President's condition. He was attacked .with
rigors. The pulse.rose to 125, temperature
to 104 and respiration to 26. It was a time
of great danger. The discharge of pus from
the wound ceased, and there were indications of the much-dreaded pysemia. Dr.
Agnew was summoned from Philadelphia,
and on the 24th he made an incision
three inches below the orifice, opening a pus cavity and taking away bits of
bone which had accumulated in the track of
the wound from the splintered rib. The
patient improved rapidly after this operation, and it was the general opinion that he
would certainly recover. The precise location of the hall was determined on the 30th
inst by the induction balance in the hands
of its master, Professor Bell. On the 7th of
August indications of the formation of another pus cavity were observed, and the day
following a second operation was performed
for the relief of the patient. When the first
incision was made the President did not take
any anesthetics. The pain was partially
deadened by the application of ether spray
to the body in the region of the wound.
The patient had become so weak by his protracted illness that ether was administered
when the second operation was performed.
A cut Was made underneath the first incision and below the twelfth rib. Two ounces
of pus Were discharged from the cut, and a
freer channel for the flow was made. The
ether greatly retarded the President's progress. His stomach, always delicate, refused to receive the customary. amount of
liquid, and vomiting and nausea were frequent. From the 9th to the 15th of August
the pulse, temperature and respiration
were high, and on the day last mentioned
came what seemed to be an utter physical
collapse. The .pulse run up to 130 and the
temperature declined to normal, and even
below the normal point, indicating weakness. For a few hours it was thought that
the President would surely die, and almost
all hope of his recovery Was abandoned.
The report was circulated abroad that he
had ceased to live, and obituary notices ol
the Presideut were published in the live
European papers. The patient slowly rallied, however, and since then the doctors
have been devoting their personal attention
to the restoration of the tone of the
•tomach."'   	
—A farmer friend  says  the  hog'i
■noutis the* root of  all evil.—Ex.
A strange and terrible accident occurred
last evening at the generating-rooms of the
Brush Electric Light Company on Ganson
street. About nine o'clock lastevening two
young men named George Leonard Smith
and Henry Kimball, in company with another young man and two girls, stepped into the station and stood looking at the machinery in motion. Smith was very inquisitive and wanted to experiment. The manager, Mr. G. Chaffe, allowed him to try a
harmless experiment, which consisted in
taking hold of one of the brushes attached
to the generator, in which the electricity
is held until carried away over the wires,
and then, taking hold of the hands of his
companions, a gentle current of electricity
Was passed through their bodies. Smith
wanted to take hold of two of the brushes, but Mr. Chaffe grabbed his arm
and held him back, telling him it was sure
death to touch them. The party shortly
afterward left, Mr. Chaffe telling them to
get out. About a quarter past ten o'clock
Smith suddenly came into the building,
seemingly under the influence of liquor. He
leaned over the railing which keeps outsiders at a distance from the machinery, and
before a warning word could be said he had
grabbed the first and third brushes. Mr.
Chaffe saw what he was about to do and
made a jump for him. His hand stuck fast
to the brushes, and giving the engineer the
word to stop the engine he took hold of
Smith and endeavored to pull him from his
hold. This he was unable to do, but as soon
as the engine stopped Smith raised himself
to his feet, and, throwing up his arms, gave
a lorid gasp and expired instantly.
.The thing was done so quickly that those
who witnessed It could scarcely believe their
eyes. Smith's face had a pale bluish tint
and was drawn out of shape. His hands
were badly burned, and on several of the
fingers the flesh was burned to the bone.
Of the unfortunate man but little could be
learned, save that he was formerly a scooper
at the Wheeler elevator, but for the past
week had been handling lumber in various
yards on the island. He was about twenty-
eight years of age, and in the neighborhood
of five feet eight inches in height. It was
stated that he has a wife and child living in
the city, but where the writer'was unable
to ascertain. Mr. Chaffie says the generator
is one of tremendous power, and would kill
fifty thousand men as easily as one.—Buffalo
Courier.
< » »	
Report of the   Agricultural Bureau.
"Washington, August 16.
The following reports, showing the condition of spring wheat, tobacco and corn
crops, have just been issued by the Department of Agriculture:
SPRING wheat.
The returns on August 1 give the condition of spring wheat at 81, ugainst 88 last
year, and 81 in 1879, at the same time.
Compared With the crop last year there is
reported a heaAy* decrease in the States of
Iotf a and Illinois; a slight decrease ia Minnesota, Nebraska and California; while in
Wisconsin and all New England Sfates there
is an increase. Beports from Dakota indicate a fair crop, with large increase in
acreage.
tobacco.
The condition of tobacco at the date of the
returns to the Department was somewhat
lower than at this time last year. In the
North and Middle Atlantic States the crop"
was reported as better than last year. In
Kentucky, Tennessee and Missouri it was
suffering from drouth. In Wisconsin it" is
reported better than last year.
corn.
The general condition of corn, August 1,
is 77—a very considerable decline since
last month, when it stood at 90. In August, 1880, the condition was 98, which,
however, was except v^lly high. The Atlantic coast States makt^ir showing somewhat better than the general average, except in South Carolina, where the excessive
drouth has cut down the figures to 41.
Louisiana and Texas are the next lowest of
the coast States, from the same cause, reporting 67 and 46, respectively. Tennessee
is the lowest of the interior States, its average falling to 63. In the great corn-growing region, the highest reports are 95 in
Wisconsin and 92 in Nebraska, and the
lowest, 74, in Kansas.
 ^-»-* —
City and Town Indehteflness.
"Washington, August 18.
Mr. Kobert P. Porter, of the Census
Bureau, issued to-day his first report relating to the indebtedness and analysis of the
outstanding bonded debt of the cities and
towns of the United States* containing a
population of 7,500 and upward. In this
report is shown not only the bonded and
floating debt, but also the amount of the
sinking fund and other credits set aside for
the payment of the debts, and the gross and
net debt. He also shows the purpose for
which this debt was created, the rate of interest that it draws, the date of issue and
the date of maturity. From this report it
appears that thex-e are 311 cities and towns
in the United States that came under this
clause. The total population of these cities
is 11,596,558.
Bonded debt $683,098,460
Floating debt....    28,439,!«1
Gross debt   710.535,924
Sinkingfund  117,191,506
Net debt. , 593,344,418
Netdebtper capita...  51.17
The purposes for which the bonded debt
was created are as follows:
Total 1682,096,460
Bridges...    20,809,431
Cemeteries         272,913
Fire Department... .........    2,214,934
Funding Hoatlng debt 123,860,801
Improvement of   harbors,  rivers,
wharves, canals and water power.   18,726,063
Parks and public plaCes'...*.    40,490,6J6*
Public buildings     25,510,S39
"Railroad nnd other aid    68,309.493
Befundingold debt     71,071,140
Schools and li braries    13,808,915
Sewers...., , -r.    21,135,434
Streets......  .   81,502817
War expenses     28,722,787
Waterworks  141,*I97,83S
Miscellaneous     26.571,416
The interest on the bonded debt is as follows:
10 per cent....     $6,401,115
954 and 9per cent  11,000
654 and 8 per cent    39,818,953
754 pt-r cent...,        »5:,500
7 3-Wi.ercent...    16,903,550
'« percent....*.    18,t,'8"',451
65i percent....     I.174,33i
6percent...   306,54 ,449
554 percent        a8-MK)0
5percent    98,050,791
4>/2 per cent      4,688,150
4pe  cent    214*2,4.5
3Hpercent      i;',rOl,'.00
Unspecified      2,503,804
The dates of maturity of this debt are as
follows:
18>:0....,....,. $26,588,1051892.. $35,320,640
li-81..  30,932,:j511;9J.....  19,396,933
18S3.  -5.W3.07i 1*94.. .. 27,915,471
1W3  ir>,U.l,tf2:).l!'95...  26,:*03,087
18fi4..  13,03«J.K791b9J...  24,05',108
1885   36,067,709 «8.)7.....    13,f>j2.456
1886 23 643,915 18)8 15,907,735
18f>7.. 25,79.-,43r).li?99 24,30(1,428
1883. 19,055,7413900. 26,436,132
1889  18,814,158 Subsequent
l£*0*r 29,24S,621    to 1900 201,058,M>
1891 . 25,659,648 ,
SCHOOL ASD CHURCH.
—Thirty years ago it cost Massachusetts $4.81 to educate each child; now
it costs $13.55.
—There was no Roman Catholic on
the Revision Committee. Cardinal Newman declined.
—The Baptists have completed a
chapel at Tahlequah, Indian Territory,
through the munificence of a lady. The
Indian University at the same point has
had a total attendance of fifty-seven
during the year. Of these five have
been studying for the ministry.
—Mis*s Eleanor Cushmg, of Bath,
holds the chair of mathematics in Smith
College, Miss Ellen Lord, of Portland,
that of Greek at Wellesley, and Miss
Heloise E. Hersey, of Oxford, that of
English studies in Smith College, showing that Maine furnishes her quota of
instructors.
—Rev. Dr. George Samson, of the
Baptist Church in New York City, proposes to organize next year in New
York and the surrounding neighborhood, afternoon and evening classes,
under an " Educational Guide," forthe
special instruction in Hebrew and Greek
of partially educated pastors and mission
workers.
—Miss Edith Warrington and Miss
Mabel Francis are two young Englishwomen who have just obtained the Vice-
Chancellor's certificate of the University of Cambridge, for having successfully pursued a three years' course of
University study. This certificate is
equivalent to a University diploma,
testifying to mental training by the
University method, as well as to definite scholastic acquirement.
—The Sunday School Times, speaking
ofthe discussions about the qualifications of Sunday-school superintendents
and teachers, says: "Itis a great deal
more important to consider what are
the responsibilities and duties of any
position in the Sunday-school than to-
discuss the kind of man for that position. It is a great deal more practical
also; for the man who has such a position can look impartially at a statement
of its demands in the line of responsibilities and duties," when he could not
be a fair judge of his own conformity to an ideal standard of the sort of
man for the place."
•—The Congregationalist gives the following as a case of retributive justice:
"in 1874 the Rev. 3. L. Stephens was
brutally murdered by a mob led by
wealthy Mexicans. Two of the ringleaders are now miserably poor, one of
them living in a house furnished him
by a Protestant, while the third suffers
from painful tumors. These three people are looked upon by the natives as
objects of God's displeasure for shedding innocent blood. The house at
Ahualuleo, where Mr. Stephens was
martyred, has been purchased for a memorial church."
—l'rom various cities of the country,
says the St. Louis Christian Advocate,
"come great complaints with regard to
the absence of the pastors. Many
smaller towns seem to be really given
over to the emissary of fire, who appears to be in his own clement with the
thermometer at 101 degrees in the
shade, and to be doing a thriving busi^
ness. Each man to his own master
standeth or falleth, but so long as men
are in' perfect health and strength, and
seek only recreation in summer travel,
the practice of closing churches during
July and August seems hardly according to Apostolic usage. We never hear
of a vacation for the Apostles."
PUlVGENT PARAGRAPHS.
—Pride on high heels goes before a
fall.—N. O. Picayune.
—Why is a turnpike gate like a dead
dog's tail? Because it stops a-waggin'.
—Boston Post.
—Don't know just what sort of garments ' 'straightened circumstances'' are,
but they are said to be very uncomfortable to move about in.—Boston Globe.
—A New York girl has a case in which
she displays rings received from her
captives in mati-imonial engagements.
Sort of war hoops, as it were.—Detroit
Free Press.
—A saloon keeper in New London,
Conn., whose lost pocketbook, containing nearly $400, was returned to him
by the finder, impulsively exclaimed,
"You pees von. honest poy; I vill shake#
mit you for de drinks." And they
"shook," and the honest boy lost and
paid.
—Francis Bacon said: "Some books
are to be tasted, others tobe swallowed
and some few to be chewed and digested.'"' If Francis meant that Ave
were to begin chewing on a Patent-
office report, he miscalculated the dimensions of our digestive faculties.—
AndreioS Queen.
—Little Johnny was visiting at a
neighbor's house. He was offered a
piece of bread and butter, which he
accepted, but not with any degree of
enthusiasm. "What do you say,
Johnny?" said the lady, expecting him
to say " Thank you." " I say, it ain't
cake," was the impolite response.
—Young lady: "And you really
mean to say that at times you do not
have enough to eat? Why, I always
thought that poor people in the country could get eggs, bacon, milk and
vegetables for nothing." Country
woman: " Only three things we get for
nufiin, miss—air, water and the parson's
advice."—London Fun.
—A sick boy: " O doctor, I'm so glad
you've come. I don't know what's the
matter with Charley, at all. He complains of the febrile" rise in his peritoneum, and he says his hypochondrion is
all twisted out of shape. O, he's an awful sick boy, doctor." "I should say.
Must have'been reading the Presidential
bulletins." The doctor leaves a seid-
litz powder and departs.—Neio Haven
Begister.
—"How many comets did you say
there were?'-' inquired the Judge of the
prisoner, who had been locked up over
night for deranging the symmetry of a
neighbor's features daring an astronomical controversy. "Three, av it
please your Honner." The Court
smiled incredulously, upon observing
which Pat added, "I'm alter telling ye
the thruth; Mickey Farrell, he saw one;
Mrs. Dinnis, she saw another; an' itwas
caeself that saw the third,"—Broohlyib
Eagle,
The TNative MicMgander.
I.have been studying him ior a "week.*
About seven o'clock every evening he
comes in from his farm and takes a seat
beside me on the veranda of the country hotel. No one introduced us. He-
came stumping along the first evening,
flung down his old straw hat and exclaimed :
"Durn my hide if it isn't durned
hot!"
I had been roasting all day, and so I
struck hands with him at once. He has
never asked whether I "was the Duke of
Sutherland or a railroad switchman,
and 1 have never asked why he didn't
cut his hair, shave ofl" his matted whiskers and fix a tin spout in one corner of
his mouth to accommodate the flow of
tobacco juice.
The native Michiganderis a good fellow at heart, but he has his eccentricities.
"Yes, I struck this State over fifty
years ago," he said to me the other
evening, as he hunted in his hind
pocket for his plug tobacco. "I've
heard the wolves howl, the Fars roar,
and the panthers scream."
"You have, eh?"
"You bet I have! Yes, sir, and I've
lived all winter on acorns, slept all summer in a tree top, and walked forty-two
miles through the woods to prayer-
meeting. Say, did you ever live in the
woods forty miles from the nearest
human hyena, black or white?"
"Never."
"Did you ever have to go barefoot in
snow four feet deep?"
"No."
"Ever shake with the ager right along
for 284 davs, Sundays included?"
"No " "
"Dod rot your pampered countenance, of course you never did. What
did you ever do towards making Michigan the great and glorious State she
now is?"
"Well, I've run a lawn-mower."
"Run a thuuder to blazes! How many
acres of" forest do you 'spose I've cut
down?"
"Two."
"Two! Why, youonery hyena, my
old woman has slashed down over forty
herself, and she's left handed, at that!
I calkerlate, sir—I solemnly calkerlate
that I've cleared off at least three
hundred acres of the toughest kind of
forest. Ah! sir, you petted and pampered children of luxury little dream
of what us old natives had to endure.
How much tea do you suppose 1 had in
my house the first ten* years of our
pioneer life?"
"Twenty-five chests."'
"Twenty-five, what!" he roared as
ne hunted for more plug, "we had just
two drawings and no more!"
"Couldn't- you get trusted at the corner grocery?"
"Get trusted! Corner grocery! Why,
you infernal young lunatic, wasn't'I
located forty miles from   the  nighest
grocery
!   That's what I've been telling
you all long. Old pion eers couldn't afford such luxuries as that. How much
do you 'spose our outfit cost us for
housekeeping?" .
"Perhaps $5,000;, but that's according to the style of your ca pets, piano
and paintings. Did y ou have lace curtains hung on poles?"
He jumped up and down like a man
with a piece of beefsteak in his windpipe, and I thought he "was a goner. **
However, after a higher jump than his
crooked old" legs seemed capable of he
blurted out:
"You infernal durned fool, but we
didn't have nothing that we couldn't
carry on our backs! Do you 'spose we
was a-foolin' around with pianers out
there in the vargin "wilderness! Lace
curtains hung on poles I Not "much !
If I'd had a spare shirt on a pole I'd
have been perfectly satisfied. None of
you spiled children of luxuryTkin have
any idea of how we had to get along in
them old days."
"I presume not."
"One winter when the old woman was
sick I had nothing to. feed her but salt
coon and corn dodgers."
"Oyster soup would have been nice.'"'.
"03*ster  thunder!   Who knew anything  about  oysters   fifty years ago? *
Don't I keep telling you that 1 was fifty
miles in the woods?"
"Yes, but whv didn't you get out?''"
"Git out!   What fur?" '
"Why, you might have got out and
lived on your mother-in-law and had a
trotting horse, a plug hat, a diamond
pin and high living. You were very
foolish to stay in the woods, where they
had no ward caucuses, or military parades, or circus processions, or ginger
beer, or banana puddings."
We generally end here. The old
native chokes and gasps and jumps up
and down and kicks his hat into the
street and goes away saying;
"Them durned pampered idiots of
luxury wouldn't keer two cents if the
hull State was growed up to jack-pines
so thick that a rabbit couldn't squeeze
through."
-But next night he comes again to
wrestle me for the championship.—M.
- Quad, in the Deli-oil Free Press.
An Alpine Accident,
A tourist who recently made the ascent of the Ostler Spitze, one of the
loftiest of the Austrian Alps, describes
an accident of which he was the Witness. The party, comprising two tour- ,
ists and two guides, were descending, (|
when, the writer says, " I heard a
shriek of terror from Dangl (one of the
guides) which almost unmanned me.
Turning my head I beheld Dangl and
his tourist flying with almost lightning
rapidity over a lofty precipice, having ,
been carried off their feet by an avalanche. This falling mass of snow had
become detached aim ve our heads and
carried the two men behind us down an
abyss fully five hundred feet in depth.
Ifc had been quite impossible for them
to avoid the avalanche, and as they
were connected by ropes both were ,
hurled below, apparently to certain,
death. Reinstatller (the other guide),
and I made all possible haste down,. We
found Dangl lying motionless and insensible in the snow. He had received
a terrible wound on the head. The
tourist escaped with a few bruises and
contusions. Reinstadler and I carried
Dangl to the Payer chalet. After a time
he was brought to his cottage. His condition is serious, but there is grouiid for
hoj»e that he may recovey7"
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