1881-11-17; Saline Observer

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The
Saline
|tsc;!»e/'S« 6csf, cSsmpwt and mastreliablt
rkiandthmisandsof children aresared every
J It is "the *' I>TFAXXD*S "DIET.
|0OD*rccei'vesftli«-icdoraemeat of physic
|ioi>*st_eworld over. Iacansof35 cents,
T> ar-dS'l.**-."bearingtae signature of
yUSXGB. «fc CO. on every laT_e_.
LE BARON & NISSLY, Proprietory
SALINE, WASHTENAW COUNTY, MICHIGAN, NOVEMBER 17, 1881.
VOL. II-NO. 1.
600,000
FOR SALE  BT  THE
jsat-i:
[phlets and full information FREE,
A CemV B. &M.R.R..Lmeotn.Neb.
SIGNS
loe PAID everr soldier disabled -yacci—
Pester■otherwi-'e." A WOfXIVof anyMnd.,
■DSScfflRKer,toeorcye,lirPTTiIiE,lf-ut.
J.'c_t»disease cf Lang* or Varicose-Vein*
live a pension. "T-der-ae-r law thousands sua
|_t:fi«i_ to an Increase of pension. Widows
■Tr-hans ani dependent fathers or mothers of
lo! iicra K^i a Trctisioa. Send S stamps for copy<
Tens:;'-*and Bounty Acts. Address,
P. H« RttgeraW & CO., CMm Agents'.
l_-3'ar.ar"tisTIi5d. Refer-to Ind.BanKingCo.
ra^Pres'tCentralBartk-OtkoflndianaDOli-.
lll^"*-* Catalogue-Sent Free*
BLACKSMITHS,
THIS TUYERE
If to Coal.
Mft$3 £ 1 A.W. MXU&GAjS -fe CO.
^\\JJy       Indianapolis, Ind.
IS'PUR6ATIYE PILLS K*^*
|tt„1 coatp
. . ._ SenrStch
-Wly change tke MocmIhi the ea-
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aew ftv mail fo? 8 letter scamps.    I. S.
|Cs>.. Su-scoa. ifass., formerly Bangor"Me.
siEsi3i^-iiii«cm
| Consumptives and people
p£•> tave weak fcegs or asth-
-3, s'uon'd Gse Piso's Cure for
I'.--.--P-too.   It has cured.
lb onsanjls.   It has not ininr-
1_ «i>».  It is- not bad. to take.
It :s the r est cough svrup.
lolt-e-eri-where. 25c.&Sl«
SKEII-
;of Rare Originality, entitled
TIDAL " ""
■.-a-■.■!*-_, ifc sa-ividnal carefully con.
.ice _fr-sgcnii-itity np to mararity.jit relation, Home, Society, Etiquette,
hts. Dress. Love. Marriage. Busi-
I B-.'r Il7<":tf-£-zt»?*G?e to he Bread-TYmneTS.
_ if.:_ S"r;k:;:Tj'_cngnt3,xareinformation,
i,.-_-=£-:=?- Fa.i-;iace.coIs>redplates—eacii
v    Agents Wanted Everywhere.
Sr. c.-jr. l'-^._j"'?nptnn, terms tzc-.. addres-,
j* J. C.HcCr^UY ._ CO., O-Jeagg. TIT.
llvJiJ_lai-dGASLieHT
'--;-;<;•: ra r-rfes fit-scribing: the
|ericaa Metropolis of To-Day?
. C-i'-frdi'C Xiyronjrhfores. Its Bashing
. *:« C--ia*-;* «.t-*[;T.ts,itsXfltP!i3Ien.if-
r«-s. Lr::r.--..":HiTt_gi,di-.,s. Wristenoy -
\J!S, an:':_r-j-  "Pictorial History O-
r.'-xa'a. -Itstoj-y of th*- ITHited States."
|eKI^EX,14= S-. Canal St.,, Clucagp.
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HO Acres 8
•"ar?. r^ifca »s be seat ?*r<_; address
€JGLjJK_.ES X,. COtBT,
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■Agents Wanted: for life of*
:: M'rojy »jf his noble and eventful
~i.5 _s-E_s!E_ilf>n. Surgical treatment,.
f --.-.•qtui"s. «-tc The- best chance of your
-«y. Bs.-war-'tif -'catcipcpj-_***iii_{ta-
th-- triiv- anrfc' r.*.fe and falW ffluistrat-d
|aryr-*'«! F?&i>%nr. FSaa steel -portrait-.
[ > Ajr-:-n _?. Cjcalars free. Addrc-s .
rii PrsLiamsc Co., Chicaco, UJ.
|Le ^KVorld.    CJ^e the .eiinine.    Ev«
re  hits  oar Tradc-m:ir£ aratl  I*
laser'*. SOtS> m"VEK.JC"W&M&.ia.
Ajf'.'iits Wantea for lite of
f-'.iiipnt Garfield. A com-
jstew. falihfal history fxbra
crtJSii ta grave, hr the eiai-
^iTtlL B-joIisaB ready" for deli-r-
*"*" < volutiss. Endorsed edition.
 Experience j _
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£EK in yoar o-sm fo-sm. Terms and
tfrw». A«i)if<8Tf.Wa.,le't&0i, "Poraand.il-;.
leiaedies  .Fail!
If Afetbjna. Its effet-ts are immedlafe.
|ms are asjreecljle f o delicate patients,
■ia like manner. It i& the resultoi
Kr treatment.  Itis a certain cure, it
Izases, Fr-jz o? Chakgk, with T_stj«
|ar:»_.-i;2.-Jt;-;BS t^i
lni Steekt, CINCINNATI, OHIO.
AI CO.
[-ZH-! O.VS O? THE «BKAT -ft'CEI/D'S iKDTTfi-
■a wgati* whfcli liav*; w;»:n found worthy
iw -.Ar.t.*rstE wiraovKMUKTS in theft*
■jr.it fntr'jvaciton <rf thin imtrnm'tnt hy *
i Kixg-inscKan-i es-aeoiso cap-aoitt;
a:.d at »rai; PBiCKi; s% *3ff« «jj, «ffl
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}n&?<".".- U^fc*5*? "f Purchasliia' r.-i!l
f^,*y*--4A CO" **34' Tremout St.,
pawfa- Ave., CBOECJ-GO.. *
Emma packlflg*. and I
■canis, or a set of 3 gilt
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Ito read the document
■ppfo
test Kth Stt New York.
n require both sets ea-
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■ft^'f *g*»» *«.   Cfttalogtto free.
LlTw.???1^*0 fw *Jw Bfst a»a Fastest;-
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■fe g„ar *i'"",-''*i2'*'e ^fid: Xsmxaxiitifrte.
Votix -BMney witb Br. C'haae'« _.ew
feet'IpS Booit. K.>wiy revised and en-
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:W3 SUMMARY.
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Important Intelligenee from All Parta.
Domestic.
" On the Qiorninff of the 10th. Judge Cox, of
the Criminal Courb of Washington, rendered a decision granting the motion to
'quash the proceedings by information
•against the Star-route defendants, holding
"that the preliminary proceedings should
.have beeii by indictment, and ordering their
discharge. j
Ox the 10th the Pennsylvania Eoad. notified the trunk lines of its intention to make
j_a.general advance in west-*bound  freights
from iNewYbrk t© Chicago, commencing on
the lith, irrespective of the plans of other
-Wpads;     ;
APE^days ago TV. J. Tuller, a moon-
"sliinerin Habersham County, Ga., killed
Taylor Love for furnishing information to
the revenue officers. Commissioner Eaum
las ordered the utmost vigilance in secur-
ugt.he arrest of the murderer.
Six inches of snow fell at Omaha, "Nebras-
 ka, on the evening of the 10th.
;.   A few evenings ago the chief of the Fire
J*Hdepartment at Sedalia,  Mo., killed "Wash
Hyde, for violently resisting an attempt to
arrest him.
?The proposition to devote the internal
improvement lands of Minnesota to the pay-
,  ment of the  old  railroad  bonds   failed,
*k   through the neglect of the people to vote on
the question in the late election.
On the 10th it was announced that the Mutual Union Telegraph Company would open
offices in sill the principal northern cities on
the 14th, and that rates would be ten per
-cent, lower than those demanded by the
Western Union Company.
Some prominent citizens of Washington
have contributed §1,200 toward the erection
of the Garfield Memorial Hospital in that
city, and U0.000 circulars have been scattered"
through the country* asking for subscriptions.
Ox the evening 10 th two masked men en-
terred a jewelry store in Kansas City, Mo.,
while a boy oniy was in. attendance, and
hastily stored away $1,500 worth of goods in
"their pockets.
"7 Through the breaking of a steel twisted
'iQce the elevator of the Belvidere Hotel,
'•Sew-York, fell from the fifth floor to the
basement on the 10th, fatally injuring John
Mereer,.a porter, and seriously injuringfour
other persons.-       '
A disastrous flood prevailed on the Rio
Grande River on the llth—the worst known
for thirty years.
Twexty-tixree persons were killed and
a number of others injured in Texas on the
10th, by a mis-switched freight train, running into a gang of convicts at work on railroad construction.
Six hotels at Orchard Beach, Me., were
burned about midnight on the 10th, involving a loss of about $100,000.
Two I'ltEiGUT trains collidednear Kansas
City, Mo., on the night of the 10th, resulting in the destruction of both engines and
the killing of two of the brakemen.
Snow-dkifts on the summit of the
"Rocky Mountain caused, the abandonment
on the llth of the Union Pacific train at
Sherman.
The various departments at Washington
have completed the estimates for the next
fiscal year. The Secretary of War asks for
Sj.,000,00- on account of the increase in the
price of supplies. The Interior Department
asks for $100,000,000 for pensions, of which
.""(JS,000,000 are for "accrued" pensions;
and the Niivv Department asks for $31,000,000
for new ships. The Post-Office Department
is nearly self-sustaining, and no demands
are:, made on Congress for any large appropriation . •
Surgeox-Gexeral Barnes reports that
the Medical Department of the army will
need ■t250.000'"for the next -fiscal year. ; The
deaths from all causes among the white
troap- during the fiscal year were 197, or
nine to every 1,000 men.
- DiXKiNG the seven days ended on the
llth there were 147 business failures
in"" 'the United States, as against 129
during the previous week. The T_a_t-
c-rn States had 18, a decrease of four Compared with the week before; the Western
39, an increase of seven; the Southern four,
an increase of four; the Middle 40, anj increase of six, and the Pacific 14, an incirease
of five.
The  Attorney-General of Pennsylvania
has asked the   Dauphin   C«unty Court to
issue writs of qi-o icarranio for the dissolu-
tion of, several graveyard insurance cotapa-
. nies.
Mr3. Rose Quixlan, who was on the
way from Flushing, L. I., to La Crosse, Wis.,
was killed on the llth in the toilet-room of
a sleeping-car near Syracuse, N.Y. Evidently a lurch of the car fractured her skull
on the marble slab of the washstand..
Ox the llth William H. Patterson, Cashier of the Citizens' Bank: of Atlanta, Ga.,
which failed last April, was arrested on a
warrant sworn out by J. K. P. Carlton, who
swears that Patterson embezzled ,f200,000.
Patterson indignantly denies the charge and
has entered prosecution against Carlton for
perjury.
A fire at Modesto, Stanislaus County,
Cat., on the morning of the llth destroyed
ip 100,000 worth of property.
■*■ „A cyclone recently struck the premises
of Matt. F. Ash, near Madison Station,
Miss., completely demolishing the building
and severely injuring Mrs. Ash and her
four children and four other persons.
Colonel J. Howard Welles, an elderly gentleman of high social standing in
New York, wa3 arrested on the 13th for
writing threatening letters to Jay Gould to
extort money and information in regard to
btock operations.
At the close of business onthe 12th there
had been received at the Treasury ,f9,M6, -
9J0 in United States bonds for redemption
under the 105th call.
. The pink-eye horse disease is working
great injury to the transportion interests of
Pittsburgh Pa.
A ferry boat containing nineteen per-
stfh- was capsized at Troy N. Y., on the
evening of the 12th and ten persons were
drowned.
United states Treasurer Gili'illax
has ordered that no "bonds deposited as security for circulation shall hereafter be surrendered or allowedtO pass from the custody of the Treasury except upon the surrender of circulating notes or the deposit
of other bonds.
The expenses of the Yorktown celebra-
lion, payable by the, Government, are stated
to be.'MO, 000.
- The annual report of the Commissioner
of Customs shows that, during the last fiscal
year, there was paid into the Treasury from
(sources, the accounts relating to which are
settled in his office, the sum of $200,100,93-.
The sum of $23,707,908 was secured by bonds
at tbe principal ports.
The Massachusetts Paper Company, of
Springfield, Mass., failed on the 12th.
bilicies, £300,000.
Lia-
Personal and Political.
Charges have been preferred against
Chief-Justice Shannon, of Dalcota, and the
Department of Justice is engaged in the
consideration of them.
Mrs. Garfield, in recently acknowledging the receipt of the fi nal statement made
by Mr. Cyrus W. Field with regard to the
General Garfield family fund, takes occasion
to return to the contributors thanks for
their expressions of the high esteem in
which they held her husband. She accepts
the trust for herself and her children in
their father's name, and hopes to use it in a
way worthy of him and satisfactory to those
by whom it has been bestowed.
Ox the 10th the attorney* engaged in
prosecutiug the Star-route cases made a
demand for retainers, and the Auditor and
Comptroller of the Treasury decided that
service rendered to the Government could
not properly be paid for in advance.
Rev. Dr. John W. Mears, President
of Hamilton College, died on the 10th.
A LOXG list of names of witnesses for the
Government ha3 been given to Guiteau. The
assassin ha3 caused a summons to be issued
to Henry Wood, Superintendent of the Philadelphia & West Chester Railway.
Hexry T. Sisson has been nominated
for Congress by the Democrats of the First
Rhode Island District, and Henry R.Spooner
by the Republicans.
The President left "New York onthe night
of the llth for Washington.
Harry W. Gexet, theNewYorkringster,
was discharged from the penitentiary on
Blackwell's Island, where he had spent
eight months as a convict^ on the llth. His
fine, $9,604. was paid by his friends.
Ax Irish National Convention, to hold its
session for three days, is called to meet in
Chicago, November 30.
Official returns from every eounty in
Pennsylvania give Bailey, the Republican
candidate for State Treasurer, a plurality
of 7,002 over Noble, Democrat.
The announcement was made from Washington ou the 12th that Elihu Root, of New
York, had accepted the Attorney-Generalship of the District of Columbia, vice Colonel
Corkhill, removed.
According to the New York papers of
the 12th the entire Republican. State ticket
was elected by majorities ranging from
6,839 to 11,255, except the candidate sfor
State Treasurer. Maxwell, the Democratic
candidate for this office, has a majority of
21,727.
A New York dispatch of the 12th says
that, owing to the publication in the last
number of the Iforlh American Heview of an
article by Robert G. Ingerioll, which the
firm of D. Appleton & Co. regarded as
blasphemous,- the Noi'th American Jteview's
connection with that house would cease.
The returns received at M.lwaukee up to
the evening of the. 12th indicated that the
Republican majority on the State ticket
would be from 8,000 to 12.000. The Senate
would stand: Republicans, 23; Democrats,
10, House, Republicans, 59; Democrats,
39; Independents, 3. The Temperance vote
was about 15.000, and the Greenback vote,
4,000.
Mrs. Edwin Booth, wife of the great
actor, died on the 13th in New York, after a
long and painful illness.
Rev. Z. M. Humphrey, D. D., Professor
of Church History in Lane Theological Sem-
nary, Cincinnati, died on the evening of the
13th.
The Democrats carried Mississippi at the
late election by about 12,000 majority. The
re-election of Mr. Lamar to the United
States Senate is said to be assured, the
Legislature being largely Democratic.
In Minnesota at the late election the Republicans carried the State by between 20,-
000 and 30,000 majority. The Legislature is
also largely Republican.
The Nebraska State Republican ticket
was successful at the recent election, the
majority ranging from 20,000 to 30,000.
Only members of the Legislature Avere
voted for at the recent election in New Jersey. The Republicans retain that body by a
reduced majority—three on joint ballot.
In Massachusetts the entire Republican
ticket was elected on the 8th by an average
majority of about 35,000.
In Connecticut at the recent election only
members of the Legislature were voted for.
The Republicans retain a majority in both
Houses—69 on joint ballot.
Ix Maryland the Democrats carried the
State at the recent election by about 12,000
majoiity. Both houses of the Legislature
were also secured, the majority on join*
ballot being about 30.
The recent election in Virginia resulted
in the choice of Cameron, the Readjuster
candidate for Governor, by about 10,000 majority. The Readjusters also have a majority of about 20 on joint ballot in the Legislature.
Ix Kansas at the recent election only
county officers were voted for. Tho issue
was Prohibition, and Prohibition candidates
were generally elected.
IN Colorado there was no general State
election on the 8th, the only question of interest being the selection of a permanent
Capital. Denver was thus selected by about
10,000 majority.
-Foreljrn.
The Treasury assessment books at
Havana, Cuba, have been purloined by a
dishonest clerk, and for want of them the
Government suffers a loss of .f20,000,000.
Lord Mayor's day was duly celebrated
in Jiondon on the 9th. Special honors were
paid the United States flag.
Dispatches of the 10th report the arrest
of the Secretary of the Pallas Green Branch
of the Land League. The agrarian outrages
in Ireland during October numbered 490, as
follows: Munster, 223; Connaught, 133;
Leinster, 102; Ulster, 32. The applications
before the Irish Land League Commission
numbered 17,7G1. On the Brown estate, in
Mayo, the tenants agreed to take leases for
fifteen years at a reduction of from three to
ten shillings per year. At Limerick, in the
case of a tenant holding over three acres of
land, the rent was reduced from £19 to £9.
Sir Maurice O'Connell met his tenants at
Tralee and agreed upon a material decrease.
The Jlikado of Japan has issued a proclamation of bis intention to establish a constitutional form of Government.
Contractors on the Canadian Pacific
road in British Columbia are about to import 1,000 Chinese laborers.
TWO tribes in Tunis have formally submitted to the French, and another band is
negotiating for peace.
Dr. Carver, the American marksman, at
Hendon, Eng., on the 10th, killed 83 pigeons
out of 100 for a wager of £100 that he would
not kill 70. After killing 70, he received £.")0
for each bird killed up to* 80.
Gambetta held a conference with President Grevy on the afternoon of the lOLh and
thereafter proceeded to organize the new
Cabinet.
Cape Coast Castle, Africa, dispatches
state that the King of Ashantee.had murdered 200 young girls so as to mix their
blood with the mortar used for the repair of
one of the State buildings. It is a custom
of the country.
Ox the 10th the Ferry Cabinet tendered
their resignations and President Grevy
promptly accepted them.
The province of Ontario lost by the brush
fires of the past season between $10,000,000
and $15,000,000^.
Woodstock, a town of about 5,000 inhabitants, on the St. John River, in New
Brun-wick, was the scene of a great conflagration ou the night of the 10th. About
eighty houses were destroyed. L033 about
$100,000.    The fire was of incendiary origin.
Dublin dispatches of the llth say the
great reductions in rent by the Land Commission had caused an outcry on the part of
the landlords and a demand on the* Government for compensation. The Corporation
of Limerick had conferred the freedom of
the city on Dillon. Kettle was threatened
with paralysis and Boyton had lost the sight
of one eye.
Cardinal Nina, at one time Papal Secretary of State, has been appointed Prefect
of Congregations, vice Cardinal Caterini,
deceased.
The Woman's Hospital was recently
opened at Tien Tsin, China, in the presence
of numerous high officials. United States
Minister Angell made the inaugural address,
and Mrs. Dr. Howard, an American missionary, was appointed Superintendent.
The second ballot for members of the German Parliament has resulted in the election
of several Socialist and Democratic candidates from districts heretofore represented
by Conservatives. On the llth Scholt,
Democrat, was elected from Stuttgart, and
Prince Von Hohenlohe was defeated atFor-
cheim by 3,000 votes.
The sixteenth Legislature of tbe Haytien
Republic has presented a purse of $50,000 to
President Salomon, "the illustrious patriot," as a mark of the gratitude of " his
grateful country."
Sevex earthquakes were reported from
Scio on the llth, the village sinking into the
earth.   The inhabitants fled.
General Sir Patrick Mac Dougall was
sworn in at Ottawa on the llth as Administrator of the Government of Canada during
the absence of the Marquis of Lome.
Three high police officials, of St. Petersburg have been indicted for failing to discover the Little Garden street mine, thus
contributing toward the death of the late
Czar.
A 3IEMORIAL to Thomas Clarkson, the
English philanthropist and abolitionist, wTas
unveiled at Wisbeach, Eng., on the llth, by
the Speaker of the House of Commons.
About 3,000 opera tives in the Staffordshire (Eng ) potteries struck on the 12th.
The Portuguese ministry have resigned.
The Emperor of Germain' has decided to
lend his countenance to the Chancellor to
the extent of opening the Reichstag in person..
Up to the 12th the rfumber of applications
to the Irish Land Court exceeded 45,000.
According to telegrams received at Alexandria, Egypt, on the 12th, cholera was
greatly increasing at Mecca. During three
days there had been about 1,000 deaths.
AT a conservative banquet at Bristol,
England, on the night of the 12th, the Marquis of Salisbury insisted upon the right of
Irish landlords to compensation, saying that
the sub-Commis<ioners were appointed because of their favoring the Governmental
policy. On the 13th an Irish farmer in
County Kerry was dragged from his bed by
a band of armed men, aud when he admitted having paid his rent ho was fired at five
times, being severely wounded. A landowner named Curtin was taken from his
house'at Mount Mary, beaten, and compelled
to stop proceedings for the eviction of a tenant.
iATER news.
The trial of Charles J. Guiteau, the murderer of President Garfield, began in the
Criminal Court at Washington on the 14th.
His counsel asked for further time, but the
prisoner objected. The work of impaneling
a jury was then begun. District-Attorney
Corkhill, Judge Porter, of New York and
Mr. Davidge, of Washington, appeared for
the prosecution, an-l George Scoville and
Leigh Robinson for the prisoner. Up to adjournment five jurors had been .secured,
when the Danel was declared exhausted and
the Judge'issueU an order for an additional
venire of seventy-five.
A. few days ago" Joseph Myers, of Toledo,
Ohio, hanged himself with the same rope
used by his father in committing suicide
three months before.
Ox the 13th a procession of 1,200 German
residents of East Brooklyn, N. Y., marched
to Cypress Hill3 Cemetery and planted an
oak" in memory of the late President Garfield.
Secretary Blaine has resigned his
Chairmanship of the State Republican Committee of Maine. He has held the place
over twenty years. Senator Frye has been
elected in his place.
The captain and thirty-eight others from
the foundered steamer King of tlie Netherlands landed at Aden, Arabia, a few-days
ago, haviug been picked up at Solomon
Islands.
Judge Folger assumed control of the
Treasury on the 14th.
Ox the 14th Mr. MacVeagh took final and
formal leave of the office of Attorney-General and returned to his home in Philadelphia
At Port Colborne, near the entrance of
the Welland Canal, on the 12th the steamer
Brunswick collided with the schooner Car-
linton and sunk. Four persons lost their
lives.
The Marquis of Lome arrived in Liverpool on the 14th, and wag met by the Princess Louise. The Viceroy aud his wife received an ovation from thousands of people
at Birkenhead Landing stage, and ou their
arrival at Chester were recipients of honors
from the Mayor and corporation.
AT ten o'clock, on the night of the 14th,
the thermometer got down to twenty-six
above zero in Chicago. Other cool places
were: Des Moines, la., 19; St. Paul, Minn.,
2; Bismarck, D. T., 2, and l<ort Garry,
Manitoba, 4 below zero.
Gammstta announced to President Grevy
on the morning of the 14th that he had succeeding in forming a Cabinet. It is understood that the following are the members: Gambetta, President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs;
Cazof, Minister of Justice; Wal-
declc Rosseau, Minister of Ihe Interior; Paul Bert, Minister of Public In-
stniction; Rouvior, Minister of'Commerce;
Coehcrv, Minister of Posts and Tclegrapns;
Allain Farge, Minister of Finance; Compc-
non, Minister of War; Gongeard, Minister
of Marine; Profit, Minister of Fine Arts;
Dcvca,' Minister of A_*rieulture; lttunal,
Minister of Work., Oe Freyclnefc was ot-
r feiwl the portfolio of Foreign .Af-urs,- but
1 be rolled it.
The Annual Report ot the General of
the Army.
General Sherman has submitted his annual report to the Secretary of War, inclosing the reports of Generals Drum and Sack-
ett, and. the reports of the commanding
Generals of the divisions and departments.
The General says, referring to the reports
of the latter, that they all show that our
companies are too small for efficient discipline ard for economical service. When
the Treasury was poor and loaded .with
debt, the army endeavored to gracefully
submit to overwork, but now, says General
Sherin&n, they appeal for relief, and it is
recommended that Congress repeal that
clause of the existing law which limits' the
enlisted force of the aimy to 15,000 men.
Considerable space is devoted to the discussion of the subject of officers' servants,
General Sherman maintaining that no soldier should ever be compelled to do menial
labor without compensation," or without his
consent, and he recommends that the existing Jaw be repealed or modified so as to secure this end.
Referring to West Point, he says it has
been, aud must continue to be, the fountain-
eource of military education in time of
peace. In his judgment, the Military
Academy at West Point fulfills its uses,
and can safely be intrusted to prepare boys
to become the soldiers of the future.
"There are in the army 430 companies,
necessarily widely scattered over our vast
domain, to guard the property and prevent,
as far as foresight can, complications and
troubles of every variety and kind; at one
time protecting settlers against Indians,
and again Indians against settlers. When
these occur it is always sudden, and reinforcements have to be hurried forward
from great distances and always at a heavy
cost for transportation of men, horses,
wagons, and supplies. This cost in the
aggregate will, iu my judgment, be more
than sufficient to sup-ftly an increase of
twenty per cent, of private soldiers—all
that I would ask for at this time—because I
believe this increase will add little, if any,
to the annual co3t of the army, and yet
give great relief to our overtaxed soldiers.
In the last ten years our frontiers have so extended under the protection of our small
army as to add at least $1,000,000,000 to the
taxable wealth of the Nation. This has enabled emigrants to settle up remote parts of
the country, and is the principal cause ofthe
great prosperity which is felt throughout all
parts of the country. When the National
Treasury was poor aud loaded with debt,
the army endeavored gracefully to submit
to overwork, but. they now appeal for relief; and I do most earnestly ask the honorable Secretary of War to apply to Congress
to repeal that clause of the existing law
which limits the enlisted force of the army
to 25,000 men, and to enact that each and
every company in the army may be
enlisted to at least fifty privates, making
sixty-two enlisted men and three
officers to each of the 430 companies,
thus increasing the army proper to
26,600 enlisted men, which number, in
practice, will probably never exceed 25,000.
This should form the combatant force; and,
as experience and universal practice have
demonstrated the necessity for another or
non-combatant force, I further urge that
special provision be made by law for each
of the following separate and distinct purposes—viz.
Engineer battalion ...-	
Permanent 'recruiting companies and.par-
ties. ..*...-	
Enlisted men detailed on general service
(clerks) ..'. 	
Ordnance Department (laborers and mechanics)... '	
West Point dotachment3 (Military Academy)	
Prison    guard
(special) 	
Hospital stewards .......
Ordnance Serg ants	
Commissary Sergeants...
Indian scouts ■
Signal detachment.......
Which number, added to the 26,060 before explained, will make the total enlisted
force of every nature and kind 30,449. '•"
General Sherman submits a statement of
the actual number of enlisted men in the
regular army October 15:
Cavalry.  6,882
Artillery 2.--0"
Infantry 10,530
Total combatants   19,815
Non-combatants (engineer, battalion,
ordanc e department, recruiting service, signal corps, etc.)..,  3.781
Total, enlisted force of army. 23,586
"Nearly every general officer commanding troops on the frontier asks for a larger
increase than I have herein indicated, but
this may be better accomplished by giving
to the President the right to increase, at
his discretion, companies most exposed to
danger to any number of privates not exceeding 100, limited always in practice by
the actual appropriations of money rather
than by the fixed number of men."
The General asks for an increase of nine
Majors in the Inspectors' corps, and recommends thatthe whole question of coast defense be submitted to a board of high officers, while a similar board should consider
the matter of military posts and stations now
obsolete. These recommendations are witb
a view to the safe and relief of the army from
the care of useless forts, posts and stations.
Some old forts, General Sherman admits, are
worth retaining, and, in order that these
may be properly taken care of, he recommends that ' * tbe President be authorized
to transfer out of the class of enlisted men
who have served for twenty-five years or
more, a number not to exceed 500, including
Ordnance Sergeants (now 112), and establish
a ' veteran corps **' to be stationed at these
old forts, with the rank and pay they held
at the close of their active career of army
service, to be subject to the rules and articles of war, but only to be used for guarding public property. One or two officers ol
the retired class and half a dozen of these
old soldiers' would compose a good garrison
for an abandoned post or fort. By granting
the retired, officers thus detailed fuel and
quarters, we would provide homes for
worthy veterans, which would be most honorable and charitable to them and advantageous to the Government ',
General Sherman, in his remarks on West
Point, says: •• The Board of Visitors substantially recommended that the Superintendent of the Military Academy should be
a Colonel of Engineers. I will concede to
the engineers all they ask, but when war
comes the engineer naturally takes to maneuvering and parapets, whereas the infantry, cavalry and artillery must ' go in'
and do the lighting. It was so in 1812, and
1646, and 1861-'05. West Point is intended
to make 'soldiers,' and not professional engineers, and the word 'soldier' embraces
everything in war. If the engineer be a
better soldier than the Infantry officer, then
let him in war and peace have all the honors
and emoluments. But our recent experience does not fulfill this assertion." *
General Sherman takes direct issue also
with other recommendations of the Board of
Visitors.
at   Fort   Leavenworth
W0
230
120
400
193
90
.- 195
. 112
. 150
. 300
. 500
.3,789
General Sheridan's Annual Report.
In his recent annual report to the General
ofthe Army Lieutenant-General Sheridan
speaks at length concerning military affairs
in his command. After recapitulating the
composition of his command and stating its
disposition, the Lieutenant-General says:
"Although the Department of Dakota has
by far the largest number of Indians from
whom hostile acts might be expected, these
have been at peace, during the past year,
and seem to have made some advancement
in labor and in the cultivation of the soil,
at the different agencies. The exceedingly
annoying condition of having a small body
of our hostile Indians, with Sitting Bull,
jusc across the boundary line, in British
Columbia, has been removed by the surrender of this head man. Nearly all of the
Indians who clustered around him have
come over, either with him or in advance of
him, and have submitted to the authority of
the Government. So long as this body of
Indians remained across the line, they
formed a nucleus with whom all dissatisfied
or disaffected ones, at the agencies, could
take refuge. For this reason I supported
General Terry in his efforts to get Sitting
Bull back, and I think the results will be
satisfactory. Although SittingBull was not
much of a warrior, and had no prestige
among Indians on that account, still he was
stubborn in his resistance to the Government reservation system, and naturally had
many adherents among the disaffected. His
original offense, was his refusal to go to the
reservation of his tribe—the Uncapapas—at
Standing Rock; he wanted to live wild. He
was not a chief in that tribe, but was the
leader of a s^mall band of about sixty lodges,
who held with him the same feelings of bitter opposition toward being civilized. He
was in the outskirts of the fight with Custer, but not conspicuous, and shortly afterward struck out with his small band for
British Columbia, being subsequently fol-.
lowed, from necessity, by other bands of
Sioux. I have seen in newspapers long accounts and narratives purporting to be descriptions of the Custer battle, as related by
Sitting Bull, which have, in my opinion,
but little truth in them, and historians are
cautioned against receiving them as correct.
The Northern Cheyennes and the Ogallala
Sioux—the former under two or three of
their principal chiefs, and the latter, under
Crazy Hor«e, as their leaders—did the fighting at the battle of the Little Horn, when
Custer fell.-"
Referring to the Departments of the
Platte and the Missouri, he says that ''although they have had plenty of time, the
Uhcompahgre Utes, who were to move to
this vicinity from the Department o* the
Missouri, have not yet arrived at the new
agency appointed for them, on the east, side
of Green River, not far distant from the
new post above mentioned; nor have the
White River Utes yet reached the Uintah
reservation—the place the Commissioners
have selected forthem as their future home.
Hopes are, however, entertained that, before the first of the new year, both the Uhcompahgre and the White River Utes will
reach their "respective destinations without serious trouble. Still, some fears
are entertained that they may hot
go there, and this impression has so firmly
settled itself in the mind Of the Commission
that, at the request of Commissioner Rus-
sel, the Genoral of the army has directed
that the White River Utes be driven to the
Uintah agency. 1 am afraid, however, that
little can be done toward carrying out this
order before spring, and will hope that better results will have obtained before that
time. No one can form any idea, excepting
by personal examination, of the rough and
broken country of the Gunnison and White
rivers—the old home of the White River
Utes—and I shall hope for a peaceful solution and settlement of this complication
without necessity for military operations."
" In the Department of the Missouri,small
raiding parties of Apache Indians—the remnant of Victoria's band, joined by a few
young men from the M-scalero reservation,
in all not to exceed sixty in number—caused
widespread alarm aud serious loss of human life iu Southern New Mexico last winter. The band came in f rom*Mexico, south
of Fort Cummings, and, after making a raid
of extraordinary boldness, xftcrossed into
Mexico near their point of entrance. They
killed a number of people, and, I am
sorry to say, received bu.t little punishment in return. This same band
re-entered Southern New Mexico in July
and raided the same region of country, killing Lieutenant G. W. Smith, 9th cavalryj
and several people, and again escaping into
Mexico without serious loss so far as I have
been able to learn from any official data received at these headquarters. I would advise that, if possible, the consent of the
Mexican Government be obtained for our
troops to cross and catch this small band of
free-booters, or at least to break down the
confidence, with which the boundary line inspires them, in their abitity to escape punishment."
Iii regard to the Indian Territory General
Sheridan says: "I earnestly recommend
Congressional action to keep out intruders from Iudian Territory, Had
it not been for the military, the
territory of Oklahoma would have now
be'en covered with settlements. *The intruders have oeen kept out by companies of
troop3 marching from east to west and bacic
again, on the south side of the line betAveen
Indian Territory and the Stale of Kansas,
while the intruders marched to and fro, iu
Kansas, on the north side of the same fine.
The question, as I understand it, is this:
Congress bought certain lauds from
Indians belonging to Indian Nation, for
the purpose of colonizing other bands
of Indians upon th 3-«_ lands. After
some hostile Indians had been settled on
portions of these lands*, some of the members of Congress and Senators of adjacent
States, becoming alarmed at the assembling
of these Indians in Indian Territory, secured
the passage of an" act prohibting the removal of certain outsftle Indians to Indian
Territory. Then the people, styled the
"intruders," set up the claim that what
was left of this purchase, which is now
named Oklahoma, was "subject to the same
conditions of settlement as any other public
domain, and they still persist in their purpose of obtaining possession of "it. I therefore earnestly recommend some Congressional action which will settle this
question and release the military from the
complications involved  by  this Oklahoma
trouble."'
       < _ » —
—There have been set up in tho
Grand Opera House at Paris a nuitiber
o mirrors, measuring forty-five by fifty-
two feet, aud weighing from 1,200 to
1,600 pounds.
_——_^ _ ».      —.
—Members of four generations of one
family, "Farwell byname, are olficialiy
connected with the" Claremont (N. _}.)
National Bauk.
The Signal Service.
The annual report of   General  Hazen,
Chief Signal Officer, has been completed.
General Hizen says the year last past has
been distinguished by additional progress
and by the following marked improvements:
The establishment of a permanent school of
instruction at Fort Myer, Va.; the raising
of the standard of the personnel of the Signal Corps; the S3'stemization of the duties
of the Signal Service; the  preparation  of
new instructions for observers of the service; the preparation of new and improved
forms for the recording and preservation of :
meteorological  data;*   the preparation  of
special bulletins for the press, containing
weather information of public interest; tho
forecasts of weather, of hot or cold waves
for periods   exceeding twenty-four hours;
the   forecasts     of     ' northers'     for   the
interior    plateau;     the     adoption    of   a
new      storm-signal      (the       cautionary
Northwest) forthe interior lakes; the arrangement for the increase of river service,
and wider publications of warnings of floods
or ice-gorges; the  changes and  improvements in the publication of the international
bulletin and the monthly weather review,
with their accompanying charts;   the   increased information added to the farmers'
and to the railway bulletins; the organization of a service for the special benefit of the
cotton interests of the South; the extension
of special frost-warning to the fruit interests of the country; the investigation into
thermometric standards,  and into barometric standards; the preparation of newhy-
grometric tables containing correction for
altitude; the revised determinations of the
altitudes of   Signal Service   stations ; the
computation of monthly constants for tbe
reduction of observed barometric pressures
to sea-level; the arrangements for original
investigation   in   atmospheric   electricity,
in anemometry, and in actinometry, and,"
in the  last  subject,  especially  with reference to the importance of solar radiation
in agriculture aud the absorption of the
sun's heat by the atmosphere; the co-operation in an expedition to the summit of
Mount Whitney, California, for the determination of problems" in solar physics;  in
metrology,  the preparation of conversion
tables for the English and metric systems;
the co-operation in the dropping of, time
balls at Signal Service stations; the publication in quarto form of special professional
papers; the offering of prizes for essays of
great merit on meteorological subjects;  the
organization of State weather services;  the
new investigation or danger lines on Western rivers;  the organization and equipment   of   two   expeditions    for   meteorological    observation    and    research    in
the    Arctic    regions    of    America,   one
to be stationed at Lady Franklin Bay, the
Other at Point  Barrow, Alaska, both cooperating in this work with a system of stations established in the Polar region by international  conference;  the establishment
of *a system of stations of observation in
Alaska.
In regard to the collection of data upon
which to predicate information of value to
the cotton interest, he had located stations
In the cotton belt, from which the rain-fall,
direction of winds, temperature, etc.,
would be telegraphed daily to" selected centers, for distribution at the expense of the
Signal Service, to the CottonTExehanges
in all important cities in the cotton
region. Two hundred and forty-eight
auxiliary stations were promised, which
opened to the United States a very favorable,
opportunity of obtaining meteorological
data, at a very slight expense, from a region
whose agricultural interests depend, to an
unusual extent, on climatic conditions, not
yet as well understood as they should be.
Unfortunately Congress did not appropriate
the amount which had been -.carefully-estimated as necessary to meet the expense of
the increased work proposed for the Signal
Service, and its Chief was unwillingly compelled to reduce the number of stations to
be established to 100, selected from the 24S
stations promised, which are so situated as
to best cover the cotton belt.
 -^_-_ _,	
The President's Thanksgiving Proclamation.
The President on the 7th issued the
following Thanksgiving proelan-ation:
By the President of the  United States of
America—A Proclamation:
lt has long been the pious custom of our
"people, with the closing of the year, to look
back upon the bles-ings brought to them in
the changing course of seasons, and to return solemn.thanks to the all-giving source
from whom they flow; and, although at
this period, when the falling leaf admonishes us that the time of our sacred duty is at
hand, our Nation still lies in the shadow of
its great bereavement, and the mourning
which has filled our hearts still finds sorrowful expression toward the God before
whom we but lately bowed in grief and supplication, yet the countless benefits which
have showered upon us during the pas.
twelve months call for our fervent gratitude
and make it fitting that we should rejoice
with thankfulness that the Lord in His infinite mercy has most signally favored our
country and our people. Peace without and
prosperity within have been vouchsafed
to us. No pestilence has visited our
shores. The abundant privileges of freedom which our lathers left us in their wisdom are still our increasing heritage, and
if, in parts of our vast domain, some affliction has visited our brethren iu their
forest homes, yet even this calamity has
been tempered and in a manner sanctified
by the generous compassion for the sufferers which has been called forth throughout
our land.
For all these things it is meet that the
voice of the Nation should go up to God In
deyout homage.
Wherefore I, Chester A. Arthur, President of the United States, do recommend
that all the people observe Thursday, the
24th day of November instant, as a
day of National thanksgiving and prayer,
by ceasing, so far as may be, from their
secular labors, and, meeting in their
several places of worship, there to join in
ascribing honor and praise to Almighty
God, whose goodness has been so manifest
in our history and in our lives, and offering
earnest prayers that His bounties may continue to us and to our children.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set
my hand andlcaused the seal ot the United
States to be affixed.
Done at the City of Washington, this 4th
day of November, in the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and eighty-one,
and of the Independence of the Uhited
States the one hundred and sixth.
Chester A. Aethtjr.
By the President:
James G. Bi.aink, Seeretary of State.
—      *.» >. -—
—Always giving somebody a lift—^4,
hotel elevator.—t-prmgjidd Kem.
The Report of the Comptroller of thl
Treasury.
Judge William Lawrence, First  Cotnp- **
.roller-of-the Treasury, has  submitted his
annual report, of which the following is an
abstract:   Accounts and vouchers have been
received from the First and Fi-th Auditors
and from the Commissioner of the General
Land Office, and credited as follows:   From
the First Auditor, 9,030 accounts and 61,p71****
vouchers,   amounting to $2,707,339,299. OS;
from the,Fifth Auditor, 6,464 accounts land *
164,547 vouchers, amounting to $75S,673,6S6-
.S2; from the Commissioner of .the General ;
Land  Office,   2,351  accounts  and    17,-02,
vouchers, amounting to $5,04*2,7-0.   The total amount of accounts and   vouchers audited, $3,471,955,227. IS. Suits have been instituted against defaulting officers as follows:
Collectors of Internal Revenue, 4; Receivers
of Public Money, 31.   Revenue-stamp books
were counted and eertifi-d as follows:   To-  -
bacco, 1,065; spirits, 1,812; special tax stamp
box, 50,403.
The report makes the following recommendations: That it be recommended to
Congress that the Solicitor of the Treasury
represent the Government before the First
Comptroller when important claim's are be- *
ing considered by him; that the Secretary be
given authority to cause investigations by
officers of the Department of the official
transactions and accounts of officers under
the Department. Some vouchers of the
District of Columbia Commissioners are for
work not technically authorized by law, but
actually needed. The attention of Congress
is, however, called to this fact, that they
may take action upon the matter. Hs says
it is indispensable to the prompt adjustment
of claims and the carrying on of the business of the office, that ad iitional clerical assistance be given him. He suggests
that a division of the claim office, :
with proper persons in charere . of
each department, would facilitate
work. Regarding certain disbursing officers
who are also custodians, he recommends
from them reports, similar to those used in
the Quartermaster's Department under section 1,221, of the Revised Statutes. He suggests that provision be in-ide for filling the
places of Secretaries of the Territories in
case of the death or absence of persons holding such places. He again recommends,
that a limit be fixed for the time in which
claims against the Government may be
brought.
       a - m-	
Steamboat Inspection.
General Dumont, Supervising Inspector-
General of Steamboats, in his  annual   report, recommends thatthe "Board of Supervising Inspectors* be abolished, and instead thereof   that   the Secretary of   the
Treasury be empowered to convene a mixed
committee, composed of Supervising local
and assistant Inspectors, to examine and
report to him upon the efficiency of any device tobe used upon steam-vessels which
requires His approval.   Ia the matter of appointments,   General   Dumont   says:   " I
would respectfully suggest the advisability
of appointing Supervising local and assistant
Inspectors by the Secretary of the Treasury upon nomination, in each case, of the
immediate superior officer   of each grade,
thereby  properly  holding  each superior
officer responsible for tne general fitness and
efficiency of his immediate subordinate, and
also giving the superior  officer power 1M
suspend any subordinate pending investiga- ^
tion  of charges  by the  Secretary of tha*
Treasury involving incompetency,  neglect
of duty, or misbehavior of the subordinate.
As upon laithfulperformance of duty by officers of this service depend the lives of millions of people and the safety of an incalculable amount of   property annually,,  tha
necess-ity of dealing   promptly  and  summarily with any to whom  even suspicion
attaches of neglect of duty must be consid-s
ered as of more importance than the inter- .
est of the single person affected by such
summary  action.   The  files  of the office
refcord one experience when fifteen valuable
human lives were the penalty paid for continuing the duties   of a negligent  officer
pending examination of charges of remiss- .
ness of duty in cases were lives were previously lost."
 ■» « p.	
"The Railway Problem.'""
The report on "The Railroad Problem."
by Joseph. Nimmo, Jr., Chief of the Bureau
of Statistics, embraces discussion of the following subjects: Reduction in cost of trans,
portation on railroads; practical determination of railroad freight charges; railroad
confederations or pooling orsanizations;
causes of the failure of the laws of supply
and demand and of competition to regulate *
lreiaht charges on railroads as on free highways of commerce; the practical working oi
railroad confederations; the practicability
of Governmental recognition of railroad
confederations for the pooling of traffic ami
Governmental regulation of railroads.
Under the head -'Reduction in the
cost of transportation on- railroads,",
the reduction in the cost of transportation on the railroads of the country generally is very clearly indicated by a table
embracing data with respect to thirteen
leading railroads. It appears that the number of tons of freight carried on these thirteen roads Increased from 45,557,002 tons
during 1873 to 78,153,913 tons in 18S0, an increase of 4-bout seventy-one per cent. Receipts from freight^ however, "increased
from $11*2.004,648 in 1873 to $143,388,178 in
1SS0, an increase of only about twenty-eight
percent. This small rate of increase receipts iu proportion to the increase of traffic
was due to the fact that the average rate
per ton charged on these thirteen railroads
fell from 1.77 cents per ton per mile in 1873,
to 1.07 cents per ton per mile in 1881, a de- ■
crease of 39.5 per cent. A commission of
experts is recommended for investigation of
the subject of railroad transportation.
The Surgeon-GeneraPs Report.
Surgeon-General Barnes says the medical
department of tbe army for the fiscal year
ending June, 1883, will need $25t>,030. One
reason for recommending an increased appropriation is thatthe department furnishes
medical and hospital supplies for the use ot
several thousand Indians, prisoners :Of War. *
The deaths from all causes among white
troops were 197, or 9 per 1,000 of the mean
strength; deaths of "colored soldiers from all
causes, 48, or 20 per 1,0)0. The Surgeon-
General renews his recommendation for a
fire-proof building for a medical museum
and library-, and in support thereof incorporates in 'liis report a passage from the
message of Presldeht Hayes to Congress In
December !a_t. It is thought a suitable
structure can be erected at a cost of $250,000.
—Henry Villard declared in a speec-.
at a reception at Portland that he will
ride from New York to Oregon, in.October, 188-V over the Sforthero* Pacific.
i\
m
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