1881-11-24; Saline Observer

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LE BARON & NISSLY, Proprietors.
SALINE, "WASHTENAW iO-UNfY, M&HI&AN, NOVEMBER % 1881.
VOL. IL-NO-2.
#1!
Important Irvtelligencs from All Parta.
Domestle.
Thkre was a severe earthquake shock at
San Jose,, Cal., on the 15th.
Striking miners at Cannelton, "W". Va.,
have driven out miners employed in their
btead, and threaten to prevent any others
from going to work. Gov. Jackson on the
ITtli called out the militia. Serious trouble
is threatened.
Duri2""G the year ending June SO, 1881,
the gross earnings of the Union Pacific Eailroad were ?22,*765]752; the operating expenses, $11,474,910; net earnings, $11,290,-
S42. The gross earnings ofthe Central Pacific
Road were $22,S93,3M; operating expenses
and rentals, $13,502,504. The gross earnings
of the Northern Pacific were $2,931,802: the
operating expenses^ $1,946,157.
Secretary Folgek has issued a circular
instructing vessel inspectors to see that
every requirement of equipment ib* provided
on lake and coast steamers and vessels, in
order to insxu-e the greater safety of passengers, and to see that ail rules and regulations of the Board of Supervising Inspectors
he strictly observed.
Director Swift, of the "Warner Observatory, discovered on the morning of the 17th
a faint comet inthe constellation Cassiopeia.
The Holden-White match for the featherweight championship had a ridiculous outcome on the 16th. The proposed meeting
at Long Point was thwarted by the United
States authorities, but a ring was finally
formed just over the Ohio line, where, after
four rounds had been fought, the entire
crowd were arrested by an Ohio Sheriff.
The match was declared a draw, and the
principals were locked up.
It was stated on the 17th that Secretary
Folger was about to call in £20,000,000 to
$30,000,000 of extended six per cents, for
redemption.
Negotiations are pending for a further
reduction of postal time between. New Tork
and Pacific coast.
The National Labor-Congress met at
Pittsburgh on the 16th and organized by the
selection of John Jarrett, of Pittsburgh, as
Permanent Chairman and H. H. P»engough
andltl. L. Crawford a3 Permanent Secretaries.
»   DuRDJG the month of October 67,929 immigrants arrived at United States ports.
Assistant Postmaster Gejterai, Hat-
tox has decided that publishers, in addition
to the name and address of the person to
whom newspapers aud magazines may be
sent, and the index figures of the subscription book, the printed title of the publication, the printed name and address of the
publisher or news agent, and written or
printed words or figures indicating the date
of expiration of subscription, may also
print upon the wrapper a request that
if the matter be not called for within a
limited time it may be delivered to any of
the class of persons named. This ruling is
believed to be in aid of the purpose contemplated by the statute in permitting the
sending; of sample copies to obtain subscribers.
Two 3MAS1CED road-agents robbed the
stage near Laredo, Tex., on the night of the
17th. The passengers were plundered, aud
several packages of registered letters and
considerable raoney were taken.
Ox the morning of the ISth, five men entered the house of C. C. Kice, Cashier of
the Bank of Camden, Ind., bound his wife
and took Mm to the bank, to compel him to
open the safe. They were defeated in this
by the time lock on the safe, when they
handled him roughly, took his watch and
fled.
A few nights ago Commander Cheyne, of
the British navy, lectured to a large audience in New York on the subject of Arctic
research. He asks the public of England
and America to contribute $150,000 to enable
himself aud Lieutenant Scbwatka to reach
the north pole by balloons from St. Patrick's Bay.
The memorial hall erected at North East-
on, Mass., by the children of Oakes Ames,
at a cost of $400,000, was dedicated on the
17th in presence ol the Governor and State
officers.
A well at San-Antonio, Tex., has been
found to contain quicksilver in large quantities, and opinion differs as to whether it is
a natural deposit or reveals a plot to poison
the family.
Ix a recent lecture at Baltimore Comptroller Knox said the National Banking -system was not menaced by the rapid payment
of the public debt, as the minimum amount
of bonds required to secure the circulation
of all the banks is less than $100,000,000.'
■Washington Territory is being
scourged by small-pox. Northern Pacific
trains have ceased stopping at New Taeo-
ma, and there are ninety-three cases at
Dayton.
■Since the lamentable disaster in Grand
street, New York, the inspectors have
found fifty unsafe buildings.
The Erie Canal will be closed to navigation on the Sth of December.
The total population of the Onited States
as finally determined by the United States
census of June, 18vS(>, is 50,155,7S3.
The thermometer in Northern Minnesota
marked eight degrees below zero on th&
morning of the 18th.
Twenty-five firemen were seriously injured at a fire in Hopkintcn, Mass., a little after midnight on the morning of the
18th.
Tne main building of the Ohio Idiotic
Asylum, near Columbus, was; destroyed by
fire on the morning of the 18th. There were
614 children in the school-rooms .of the
building, but, owing to the perfect discipline and the coolness and presence of mind
of teachers, all escaped uninjured. The
loss is estimated at from $200,000 to $250,000.
Personal and Political.
On the representation that the citizens of
Shackelsford, Va., had combined to prevent
the Ite-adjuster postmaster from securing a
place for an office, the Postoffice Department has deprived the town of mail facilities.
The Industrial League of America, in
f-ession in-Philadelphia, passed resolutions
on the 16th favoring the arrangement of export duties so as to protect homo industries,,
the reduction of internal revenue, and the
promotion of American ship-building and
ship-owning interests.
Shareholders of the Mechanic's National Bank of Newark, N. J., have been assessed 100 per cent, by Comptroller Knox.
It is discovered that J. Howard "Welles,
Jay Gould's blackmailer, is a commissary
who defrauded the Government of about
$•2,000,000 and then went to Europe during
the war.
Charles H. Northam, of Hartford, who
died recently, left by will to scvera Episcopal educational establishments anc charities
the s um of if 215,000. ?
Mb. John- Merryjian, -Presfient of the
United States Agricultural Sociiv, and one
of the most prominent agriculturists and
stockraisers in the United State! died at his
home near Baltimore, Md., on lie 15th.
James L. Bidgely, since 1S4? Grand Corresponding and Recording Secretary of the
Grand Lodge I. O. O. P. o. the United
States, died on the 16th. j!
The summer residence of }*x-Attorney-
Geueral MacVeagh, near Philalelphia, was
burned on the 16th.
The judicial conference of i'he Methodist
Episcopal Chureh which is to;|i*y the appeal
of Eev. Dr. Thomas will ueet at Terre
Haute, Ind., November 30. Bshop Merrill
will probably preside. *
George Law, awell-knovn New York
capitalist, died on the ISth.
Trial of G-xiiteati, tlie'Assassin.
On tlie 16th the proceedings ii the Criminal
Cotirt began at th<5 usual hour As the names
of the jurors wha had been acceptor! were being- called over Guiteau was "irouarht in. His
appearance was wild and excted. After his
manacles were removed he seemed to calm
down and conversed with hi* counsel. The
work of seeurmg- the three additional jurymen
was then entered upon and the entire
panel of seventv-five wis nearly exhausted before the swelfth juror
was obtained. The folowing* is the
jury as sworn in: John F. Harlin, Fred.
W. Brandeburg", Charles G. Stewart, Henry
J. Bright, Thomas H. Lansl^y, Michael Shee-
han, George W. Gates. Sanuel T. Hobbs,
Kalph Wormsley, William B. Browner, T.
Heinlein and Joseph Prattler* The District-
Attorney suggested that theCourt adiourn to
give the jury an opportuaity to arrange
their business affairs. During the
examination of talesnen the following statement was prepared by Guiteau
and given to the press:
'.' To the Legal profession ol America:
' 'I am on trial for my life X formerly practiced law iii New York and Chicago, and L propose to take an active part *n my defense, as I
know more about my mspiiation and views in
the case than anyone. Ky brother-in-law,
George Scoville,. is my oily counsel, and I
hereby appeal to the legal profession for aid.
I expect to have money shortly so lean pay
them. I shall get it from tfce settlement of an
old matter in "New STork and partly from the
sale of my book and partly from public contributions to my defense "* JNly defense was
publish;d in the "STew rork.H"era7cl on October
6, and in my speech published November 15
(yesterday). Any well-known, lawyer of criminal capacity desiring to assist in niy defense
will please telegiaph without delay to George
Scoville, Washington, D. 0. If, for any reason, an application be refused, the name will
be withheld from the puMc.
"GHARUKS GUTTEAU.
"In court, Washington, D. C, Nov. 16.1881."
"Just previous to adjournment Mr. Scoville
said he did not approve of the above document, and wished this distinctly understood.
The prisoner .arose at the conclusion of Mr.
Scoville's remarks and, in an excited manner,
insisted that he had not yet accepted the serv
ices of counsel, and declared that, until he did
so, he would defend himself. The Court then
adjourned until the 17th
■ By half-past nine o'clock on the morning of
the lTth the Criminal Court room in Washington was well filled, a large number of ladies
being present. The Court opened at ten, and
immediately- thereafter Mi*. Scoville arose to
make a personal explanation, in which he said
that there had been no disagreement between
himself and hi-- associate, Mr. Hobinson, and
J, that nothing prevented their working harmoniously together. At this point Guiteau
arose and objected to Hobinson taking* part
in the defense. He said he could and would
manage his own ease; that he wouldn't trust
Hobinson with anything, as he was destitute of
brains. He wrsh'cd the Court to understand
him on this point, and if counsel were forced
upon him he would make a noise about it to
the country. He represented the Deity in
this case, and wished the Court to understand
it. Continuing, he said two or three bluuder-
buss lawyers would lose the ease for him, and
he did not propose to: submit to anything of
the, kind. "The Court quietly informed
the prisoner that, if he did not
keep still and behave himself:, he
would be removed froaithe room and the
trial Avould proceed without him. Guiteau
then subsided, but conversed very excitedly
and energetically with Mr. Scoville and Mr.
Kobinson. Colonel Corkhill, the District-Attorney, then delivered a very impressive opening statement. During its delivery the prisoner assumed an air of apparent indifference,
and devoted himself to a hurried perusal
of the morning papers. At one time he
interrupted the District Attorney, but Judge
Cox sternly told him that If he did not stop
his turbulent conduct he should immediately be sent to jail. Guiteau, in response, said:
" I will not do it again, your Honor, but I have
very deep feelings in this case," at which the
crowd laughed. Mrs. Scoville, the sister of
the prisoner, cried bitterly. At the conclusion of Colonel CorkhilJ's remarks. James G.
Blaine, then and now Secretary of State, took
the stand aad narrated at great length the circumstances attending the shooting of President Garfield, In answer to questions by the
District-Attorney he stated that Guiteau had
visited him as many as twenty-five or thirty
times, and that he had been a most persistent applicant for. office. Mr. Blaine
was closely cross-examined by Mr. Scoville,
and said he had first seen Guiteau in March,
and met him during the campaign several
times. He had corresponded with the Maine
Committee, of which witness was Chairman,
with a view of speaking in that State. Mr.
Blaine said he had not preserved the letters,
as after the election all such applications were
burned. He further said it was the general
rule with his Committee, and, he believed,
with allothes, never to employ aspeakerwho
applies himself to speak, because a man of
enough reputation to be of inilnence is of
consequence enough to be sought for, and
need not seek. Guiteau had often applied for ofiicp, and he believed he had some
hacking. He had been annoyed at Guiteau's
persistence in seeking the Paris Consulate,
and plainly told him he could not have the
place. Mr. Blaine was then* closely questioned
concerning tho dissensions in the Bepublican
party, and responded by stating the facts as
to the Collectorship of the i'ort of New York
and the resignations of Messrs. Conkling and
Platt in consequence thereof, and the subsequent action ol* the New York Legislature in
electing their successors. Mr. Biaine in response to questions explained the distinction
between the "half-breeds" and "Stalwarts"
and said itwas understood that Mr. Conkling
was a "Stalwart." The Court then took
a short recess. When the Court reassembled
Guiteau again protested against the employment of Kobinson as his counsel, and said
there would be a row all the way through if
his services were not dispensed with. Judge
Cox again sat down on Guiteau and threatened to send him back to jail aga'n if he did
not behave himself. Tho resident Min'ster of
Venezuela, Mrs. Sarah M. White, matron of
the Baltimore & Potomac depot, and Robert
A- Parke, the ticket agent at the depot, were
then called and testiijed as to the circumstances of the shooting and Guiteau's connection therewith. Oth r witnesses were called
and testified, after which the Court adjourned
until the morning of the 18th.
Several hundred ladies and gentlemen assembled in the Criminal Court room at Washington on the morning of the .18th to witness
the Guiteau trial. As the prisoner alighted
from tbe prison van there was a marked absence of noisy demonstration, but it was evident that Guiteau feared sudden violence.
Upon the opening of the Court Mr. Scoville
requested Judge Cox to take some measures
to prevent the prisoner from giving to the
public his unauthorized, communications,
and also to prevent the annoying interruptions of the prisoner in the
court-room. During Mr. f-'coville's remarks the prisoner Dccamc greatly excitedf
and said: "Mr. Scoville talks one thing tome
in private and anoth"r in public- 1 do not
propose to put my case in his hands. He is no
lawyer and no politician. I want first-class
talent In this business, and I am goingto have
it, or there's going to be trouble. Mind your
business," he continued, fiercely struggling
with the Deputy-Marshals who were trying to
suppress him. Further conversation followed
between Mr. Scoville and the prisoner in regard to another communication which Guiteau had prepared for the press, during which
the latter loudly declared that Scoville was
no criminal lawyer, and that he had no
confidence in his capacity. He said:
"I propose to get two or three of
the first-class law ers in America to
managemy case. And I want to say a word
upon the law," said be, addressihg the Court.
"Jf'Ou expel me from the curt-room the
Court In banc will reverse you. If theCourt
puts me out-confounded fools you!" he
cried, turning and struggling with the officers
who were pressing him into his seat—"the
Court will understand that he will bo reversed." Judge Cox said: "On several occasions In the court of the TXn.ted States the
prisoner has been, on account of disorderly
conduct, removed from the court and the case
continued in his absence. It was done in this
very court in tho case of Lawrence." The
prisoner interrupted the Judge and
struck the table a tremendous blow,
saying such a course of procedure
Would be altogether illegal. To this Judge
Cox replied: "twill not resort to that unless
it Is necessary; but I admonish the prisoner-
in advance if the case requires it it will b3
done, lhave told you that at the proper time
you can be heard in your defense, and you
shall be hoard at the close of the evidence if
you desire it. Until that time you must preserve silence." "1 come here as counsel,
and I want to be heard," cried the
prisoner. "Vou cannot be heard,"
said Judge Cox, severely. Guiteau then relapsed into comparative silence. The Distr.ct"
Attorney offered iu evidence certain letters
which had been identified by Mr. Blaine: Jo.
sephK. Sharpe testified to seeing tho prisoner
trying to escape and to witnessing 1 ho an est.
.Ella M. Itidgeloy testified to hearing the conversation between Guiteau and the hackman
andthe circumstances attending the shooting.
William S. Crawford saw the firing. John lt.
Scott detai eel the incidents attending ihe
searching of the prisoner. E. L. Dubarry wit-
ncssedthe shooting and graphically described
the incidents thereof. Ho had said repeatedly
that prisoner ought to bo hung-. Policeman
Kearney arrested Guiteau and described the
shooting. At this point a rot-Css was taken.
After recess, Guiteau asked the Court that
Judge Magruder, of Maryland, be invited to assist in the d fenso. John
Taylor and Aquilla Barton, hackmen,
testified as to Guiteau's negotiation with
them for a vehicle. Byron Andrews, the correspondent of the Chicago Inter Ocean, said
he had received no papers from the prisoner.
Mr. Scoville era ve formal notice that the defense in the case was insanity, and that the
burden of proof would be on the prosecution.
Mr. Brown. Chief Clerk of the State Department testified to Guiteau's frequent visits to
the Department. He thought he was. a nervous individual. J. Stanley Brown, private
Secretary to Pre ident Garfield, testified tp
Guiteau's frequent calls at the White House.
He also identified a large number of letters
from Guiteau to the President in relation to
the Paris Consulate, in some of which he characterized Mr. Blaine as a bad man, etc. The
Court adjourned at this point. .. -•
Tlie Platform of tUei-ntlustrial' League
,-...j\     of America.
Foreign.
"Wallenstein, a Kentucky horse, won
the Shropshire handicap in the Shrewsbury,-
Eng., races on the 17th.
The session of the German Eeichstag was
opened on the 17th with a speech from the
throne.
A Dublin dispatch of the 17th says the
tails had oeen cut off of over 100 cattle, the
property of a farmer named Flanagan, near
Roscommon.
Several native Chiefs in the Transvaal
have risen in rebellion against the Boers.
The whites are flying to places of safety.
In the Chamber of Deputies M. Eocbe, a
member of the Extreme Left, on the 17th
Introduced a hill proposing the complete
separation of church and State and the sale
of ecclesiastical property.
In Tunis an important engagement has
taken place between General "Bonier's contingent and a large body of insurgents. The
French captured thousands of sheep and
hundreds of camels.
London, England, dispatches of the 17th
state that all the registered letters in the
Hatton Garden Post-office have been stolen..
It is believed th3y contained diamonds and
watches valued at $400,000. The diamonds
are valued at«*p200,000. The insurance companies offer a reward of £1,000 for their recovery.
Dispatches from Berlin state that a
party of 280 Jews from Bussia passed
through that city on the 17th, on their way
to America. It is the third party of the
kind, and others are reported on the way.
A London dispatch of the 17th says there
was reason to believe that the Sultan-intended to give more encouragement to the
Arab movement in Northern Africa.* The
pala'ce was keeping up constant communication with, the Tunisian insurgents and the
Arabs in Tripoli.
A "Large cotton-spinning firm of Oldham,
England, has demanded of Liverpool merchants compensation for losses sustained
by adulterations of the raw product.        -
Over sixteen hundred miles of cable* for
the Central & South American Telegraph
Company have been shipped from London,'
and direct communication with Peru and
Brazil is promised by June.
John Dunn has notified the British. Government that he is a candidate for the Zulu
throne. _
•LATER   -STEWS.
When the prison van conveying Guiteau *>
from the court-room back to the jail "had
reached the intersection of East Capitol and
First streets on the afternoon of the 19th a
man well mounted rode up behind the vehicle, and, wheeling, pointed a revolver at
Guiteau and fired. After pointing the revolver at the driver he rode off, pursued by
Officers Edelin and Carson. The ball but
just grazed Guiteau's right forearm. The
assassin was greatly frightened, and expressed anxiety to get within the jail walls.
"Bill Jones" is the name of the would-")e
assassinof Guiteau, andheis described as a
"rollockiug, happy-go-lucky" sort of a
fellow, a resident of the District of Columbia, and is said to have been drunk at the
time of making the assault. He was
subsequently arrested and locked up.
A telegram of the 20th stales that Policeman Edelin had been to the jail to see the
man (Jones) arrested for firing through the
prison van, and at once declared that a
mistake had been made. Tbe man who
fired was of resolute bearing, with a heavy.
black nrastache, and his steed had white,
foreleg,*!, while Jones was a blear-eyed sot,
and his animal was wholly sorrel.
Ed.TWilllvms, alias Maxwell, the bandit
recently captured in Nebraska, waslynched
by the citizens of Durand, Wis., at two
o'clock on the afternoon of the 19th. People from the surrounding country flocked in
by squads and heard the prisoner confess
murdering the Coleman brothers. A rope
was thrown over his neck in the-court-rooms
and he was strangled while being hauled
down the aisle and stairway to the nearest
tree, where his corpse was left to dangle
nearly all the afternoon.
"When the Central National Bank of Boston opened its doors on the 19th a run was
begun upon it, and a temporary suspension
was caused, but friends of the bank paid
the clearing-house ifoOO.OOO due, and business was resumed. The Directors of tbe
failed Pacific National held an exciting
session and voted to put the concern in the
hands of Examiner Needham. The indebtedness was stated at $1,260,000.
Dr. Bliss was the principal witness in'
the Guiteau trial on the 19th. He gave a
narrative covering the time he was called to
the late President's side, fifteen or twenty
minutes after he was shot, until his death;
the immediate --cause of death was hemorrhage. The doctor stated, in answer to a
question, that most of the doctors who had
been originally in attendance upon the
wounded President were, discharged hy authority of the President, given in the presence of Mrs. Garfield and the witness. The
District Attorney exhibited a section of a
human skeleton, which the witness recognized as a portion of the vertebra of
tho late President. Colonel Corkhill aud
General Swaim were also among the witnesses examined. While the former was
detailing the occurrences at the depot at the
'time of the shooting, Mr. Scoville remarked
to the Court: "AVe admit the killing."
Guiteau promptly spoke up: "No, we
don't—we don't admit the killing; we admit the shooting." When asked what were
the President's last words General Swaim
answered, with emotion: ''His last words
were: 'Oh SwaimV "
"At tfiel-ate ?sessTojl-of ^ the Industrial
League' pi America" ib. Ghieaso^ th§ fo_-
lowmg^i-esolutions were auop|ed aitd
declared; to be- the platformb£ tlie Asso-_
!cialtion^:Jj    *' pc^-A,        /^-""X   ?.        ^
Keso7ii^*| That'the'acttf''of thefram^rs of the -
Constitution and .of -*toe,members~&f Congress
in its firs'-t^session"piainly show/jEhat-,th-y es-
tablished'*a protectiyg'policy, wTjichJhas->been7
the usual^olicy fof-purGovernnient, (and when.
departed.1 from ;s'uch de^arturirhai   always"
brought National disaster, andH'.hjiijit%• the*
duty of .Congresfto^l}e.cBgilant ahd^solutean
providing iegislati6"n;whi)Ch shaltsiist'ain every
oranch of"Our iiidSstry^lienefit firing and factory alikgv'^ndh'elp'todevelop and naturalize
new industries ampngyus.' •"""   '     ■    '   *
-icso'ucS^-That^aSyise'protective system secures to/^llthepeoplethe.highestbenefits, and*
is needc.d:to devel9p.-0u.rj resources, educate'
our citizens, and'protect dur country from tor-.,
eign foes'in war;: and that, however woll-es-"
tablishod'bur manufactures may be, a^taritf
for protection and. revenue   is stiil needed,
that skilled IaborerVand7producers may have
constant and remunerative employment.
Resolved, That we gladly accept the success
of the International Cotton Exhibition now
being held at AtiantaV'rjGJt%?a§JSyiiae,nce th'at
" tbe new Sb'utK '""is-dH'e'rsI tylngfts-industrics*,'
employing its people, creating home markets,
anil working up its own raw material, thereby
uniting our interests with theirs as citizens of
one Nat'on71aHd~'rpaKIn^
of protection a benefit and a nced.to^all sections.   _    V   "7'■■ £>; ]i  -sp Yfi pP-fj (
Resolved, That ttria Con ven tioff rccbnlmerids
to Congress for the more-effcctual.protection,
and upbuilding ol ourcomrnerci'il marine:
1. That American maritime property shall
be exempt from the burdens of State, munici-
paFand local taxation. The rea5on,i'or this is
that AmericanveSsels derive no protection or *
benefits whatever from State kand municipal
Governments,* which are not shared in an
equal degree by foreigrrvesse*3 touching .at
our ports, which pay no taxes, and hence such
taxes upon capital invested in maritime property amount to a heavy discrimination in f a-
vpr-of foreign against American shipping--
this; discrimination in the port,of Ifew?7Y?,orls;,
"being 2'.' per cent, on ±&e principal-s; ft ~j" p   -;V
3. The United States should make American
vessels the carriers of American mails at rates
proportionate to the value of the service performed, witho.ut regard to the rates at which
foreign vessels, subsidized by their own Governments, may be willing to carry them.
,.,3. The United States should regard an
•American commercial marine as the basj.l'bf
au American navy and an integral element pf
our American nationality, and should so discriminate in favor of American vessels, espe-
ciallj** of those which are striving to'extend
American trade to new countries, as would
secure to them a fair and lucrative share of
the world's carrying trade proportionate to
the dignity and power of the country in other
respects.
4. Thatthe.methods adoptedipr-meetrng-the
expenses of our Consular service should be so
remodeled 'as^iip: lbnger to' amount? -to :a dis-
eriminating'taxori American vessels, to which
the vessels of other countries are*n'0t'subject7
Resolved, That whenever any fereign commodity is produced or exists in surplusage
and is constantly brought to our mar"cets,as
ballast, thus advancing, the "price Of^our products, ah increased duty should be imposed
thereon for the benefit of the home laborer
and the Government revenue.
Resolved, That this Convention disapproves
of that class of absurd Treasury decisions
which interpret Bessemer steel blooms, steel
wire rods, cotton ties, knit goods, and other
products of advanced value, thd production
of which has begun since the Tariff law was
passed, in a maimer to class them under the
clause "not otherwise provided for," instead
o classing them under the designation most
nearly corresponding to these products in
their nature, cost of production, and need of
protection. The effect of these decisions ia to
make tho duties on these articles diminish as
the amount of. labor invested in them increases. Such decisions sacrifice the evident
spirit aud intent of the law in a manner which
recalls the apostolic saying,'"The letter kill-
eth, but the spirit maketh alive."
Resolved, That the Nationalinternal revenue
taxes should be gradually reduced with a view
to their extinguishment within a reasonable
period. _^ " " r/
Resolved^TJiatithis^oriventipn repommendsv
the passage of ah act of Congress providing
for the appointment by the President, by and
with the consent of the Senate, of a con-mis"
".sion to revise our revenue system, including
7bOth the internal revenue and our tariff laws,
in the interest of protection and for needed
revenue.
Whereas, A National Tariff Convention is
to be held in New York November 33 and 30;
therefore,
Resolved, That such wise and patriotic action as that Convention may take, inspired by
fidelity to the idea of the American policy of
protection, will meet our hearty approval and
support.
Resolved, That a committee of five persons
be appointed to visit Washington during the
next session of Congress, present the acts of
this convention to th3 proper committees of
both Houses, and forward its objects in all
proper ways.
Resolved, That this Convention recommends
the appointment of a committee on printing
and correspondence, to whom shall be referred all letters and communications to be
published in its doings, if worthy such place.
Suggcst-Oiis ot Secretary  Kirkwood.
The annual report of the Secretary of the
Interior" is largely devoted to "the -fresh discussion -of .the Indian 'question: - He strongly recommends that -'a liberal provision be.
made by Congress for teaching the Indian
youth ouriangiiag'e;: that, upon *'ju*st terms
to the Indians, the number and area of the
existing reservations be greatly reduced;
that on such reservations*as are not well
af-aiVted to farming without irrigation', effort! be made to teach Indians to become
lijerdsmen instead of endeavoring to try to
miSke thein farmers; that-Indian titles to
redSced f es6rvatlohs be individualized and •
thoroughly .protected by law;* and that
t@..4more civilized reservation Indians-
hsm encouraged .to .abandon their
tri]E)al relations by Setting up experimental
fbrn-s o|'local government among _hem, as
nearly alike as may be to the system of
county government prevailing in the States*
ojRT^rritories' in which the reservation's are
respectively located. There are * now
in the State&sand.Territories^vestaOf ttbe*
Mississippi Eiver 102 reservations, great
and small, on which are located, in round
numbers, 224,000 Indians. If all the In-
.dians west of the Mississippi were gathered
'' up on four or five reservations our Indian
affairs could be managed with greater
economy to the Government and greater
^benefit to the Indians. I recommend that
Congress be asked to create a commission of
ffireetjor four eminent citizens to visit, dur-
'ihg hiext year, the reservations west of the.
.3fisii'ssippi Biver for the purpose of recom-
"mending to Congress, if they shall deem it
wise, the concentration of the Indians on
four or five reservations, to he selected in
different parts of the West, on which the
different tribes shall be located; and if this
"shall, in the judgment of the Commission,
not be wise, JhP^^iXc.cQniniend the concen.
.ration of theSexistink^'sEaaii agencies where
that can be properly done, and a reduction
of the area of others to dimensions proportionable to the number of Indians located
sthereon."                  ,; --..■■*'
f ? * w.  •-♦-».	
MICHIGAN STATE SEWS.
Health In IT.lcliig'aii.
[NO. 5.]
Keports tb the State Board of Health,
Lansing, for the week ending October 29,
-8tfl, by. fifty, observers of diseases in
different parts of the State, show causes of
sickness as follows: ■vr
■■   '
No. and Per GL
of   Observers
"by whom each
Diseases in, Order of Greatest
Disease   was
*   Area of Prevalence.
Reported.
No.
Per Ct.
1 Intermittent Fever (Ague)..
it
94
2 Rheumatism	
37
74
3 Remittent Fever....  .
36
72
4*Typho-malarial Fever	
8-
68
5|DIarrhea..	
34-
68
6 Consumption, of lungs	
31
68
7 Neuralgia	
30
60'
8|Bronchitis,.. 	
2*)
50
..9|Tonsilitis....  ,..'.
25
50
JO, Diphtheria. .->	
-   21
43
11 Typhoid Fever (enteric) ....
21
42
12 Pneumonia  :	
14
28
IL'j.Uysentery.	
14
28.-
"Kflnfiuenza	
12
24* '
-5'ChOlera. Morbus	
'11
22
16 Erysipelas..:...; .........
10
20
17|Inflammation of Bowels,.,.
8
16
18 Scarlet -"Fever .'
•   8'
16
19 Whooping-cough	
5
10
20 Membranous Croup...;	
5
10
21 Cholera. Infantum	
3
6
23 Puerperal* Fever	
3
6
33 Cerebrd-spiiial Meningitis...
3
6
2-Pharyngitis	
3
4
25 Inflammation of Brain	
3
4
26 Measles  -.--.'.
'    2
4
27 Continued Fever	
1
2
27iDiphtheritic Paralysis;. ..'.»..
-...•1 j
w.-  S,.   -
2b|Laryngitis.. 	
1
2
For the week ending October 29,1881, the diseases shown .to have most increase in area of
prevalence are pneumonia, influenza, ton-
silitis and typho d fever. Scarlet fever has
slightly increased during October; it Is reported by the same number of observers as
for the preceding, week. /There has been a
decrease in the area of prevalence of diphtheria, cholera morbus and Cholera infantum.
HekbxB. Bakek,
Secretary.
Lan ing, November 10,1881.
}f '    , ,[NO. 6.1
j 4-ieports to the State Board of Health, Lansing, for the week ending November 5,1881, hy
forty-two observers of diseases in different
parts of the State, shOAv causes of sickness as
follows*.
Report of Indian Commissioner Price.
■ ■■->'■   """^n»"]»-•-;;;» -■» n   **,.f'tt''3**;
' The annual reports the Commissioner of
rridian Affairs to the Secretary of the Interior is made public.   Commissioner .Price,
it the outsetj desires to " urge with earnestness the absolute necessity for a thorough
rad radical change Of the Indian policv0ih|
Joihe re^te;an^|iiar|ioulars7!;   I$n^tfl$f
ipparent' to the; most casual obsefver'th'at-'
ihe system^pf gathering Indians in bands
vr   tribes   on   reservations   and   carrying
them   victuals   and  clothes,  tlius°* relieving   them   of    the    necessity   of   labor,
never will and never ,can civilizi them., ..Ii,
white, men were treated'as we 'treat -the'
[ndians the result would certainly be a race
pf worthless vagabonds.   I wish to call attention  to  the fact that, in almost every
case, it is only the non-laboring tribes that
■Co'iiponothe warpath, and |iihe,. stubborn
facts of hi*story;co!m^ep^ett.oisa|i'the G"o^'{
Brnmont as   .argely i>^tio--v-i1)lame"5rfor this.
We   feed   the    White    Kiver   murdererr
and"" compel   the    peaceable   Uintahs   to
largely   care  for tbemsdlves? .Thip-jCou^se;
induces   the   Indian   to   believe   that   if
they are to get favors from the Government
they must refuse to work, refuse, to he-or'-|
deriy and'peaceable, and must commit some
depredation or murder, and that a commission; will be.appointed to  treat with' them*
and pay them, in goods, provisions  and
money to behave themselves.-"-"
TheiCommissioner recommends the prohibition of the Introduction of liquor
onthe Indian reserves by authority of the
War Department. Incidentally he suggests,
as a more effectual reniedy for the evil of
drunkenness, that Congress be asked to
prohibit the manufacture or sale of ardent
spirits in ,-any of the Territories of. the
United States. Among other things laws
should he enacted to extend to Indian reservations the criminal laws of the States and
Territories in which they are respectively
situated.
Bepartinent of Agriculture.
The report of the Department of Agriculture is summarized as follows:
COTTON.
The indicated yield of cotton per acre is
considerably less than last year. The reported decrease is 33 per cent, in Louisiana,
40 per cent, in Texas, aud nearly 60 per
cent. In Arkansas. North Carolina makes a
return of 80 per cent, less yield than in 1880.
South Caroliua, Georgia and Mississippi report better condition, aud the prospects are
for tlie crop not much below those of last
year in those States. Florida reports a decrease of 15 per cent., Alabama an Increase
61 iSrnTennessee a decrease, of 42> Virginia
ds>not$included as a cotton State, its product
heinglnsignificant.
=r_-43»=- • AVHEAT.
The average yield of wheatper acre I&1S81
is 10X bushels against 13 1-10 in 1SS0, indicating a decrease of about 20 per cent., or
100,000,000 bushels from last year product.
In the interior and Western States there
ha*
sev
aud, in several ||Me^,;i1irisect ravage^'hiit*,
while the !^uahtil|'**6f*Hhe"crop is reduced,
the quality Is generally Reported yery.,gopd.
eoi*N*.    *       '      ;
The November returns of corn show an
average yield of twenty and one-half bush-1
• els per acre, indicating a falling off of about
25 per cent. fi*om the crop of 1880,: caused
chiefly by the general and protracted drouth
during the growing season, arid by excessive
rains since the crop was harvested. The
quality of .the fcrop"?is somewhat belOw the
■average.^-^||f,1^ jJ""aL^V-  ;
RUlcd Under Peculiar Circumstances.
Ellen Kessler, the daughter of well-to-do
parents residing near Blue Island, who was
attending Normal School at Englewoodj
' jcam'e'jto her death last night under peculiar
'circumstances, hut whether the case is one
of accident or suicide cannot now be determined and may always remain a mystery.
The young woman, was fjust past twenty
years of j_gei»- *ahdJ for some time' had been
numbered among the scholars of the above
institution. t She lived in a -building adjoining the school building, known as the dormitory, where are .also many of her fellow-
schoolmates, only going home at intervals.
Last evening ah'put nine *p'clock*she made a
call upon a" friend'wiioiives a short distance1
from the school, and here it was noticed for
the first -time that she had acted queerly,
not seeming to be quite herself. Later, she
returned "to"'the dormitory, where she met
Mrs. Wentworth and explained that she
was not feeling well. _]_fes.:'^ent-*yqrth ad,-,
vised her to go'to'oed^ ahd'said she WoulcE
get her some medicine, flie young woman
weut to her room, but when Sirs. Wentworth followed her she had.disappeared^ It
was thenJ,e*rn*e<"^ |hejyqunggmeni:;;
that he had"seen Miss Kessler going out of
the door dressed in a light wrapper, Search,,
lit' the' vicinity of  the  building  failed   to
"*find her, and, having noticed her strange
actions, it was feared that something had
happened to her.   The police were notified
and parties" sent out:in,--all- -direction!!."^Atr-
half-past ten o'clock7;t^'o7;pplic|®e1ri,"Jcame/
iipoiig-j the    decapitated    body    of    the
I •}|o*ui}^'.v6man lying between the rails of the
|fin^onQ|ng track of the WabashRqad near
Seventy-first   street.   Not-Only ^was   the
head severed from the  body hut   one of
the   arms   and„ both   -eet_were„crushed.,
A   short l^fe-fli-Cce! fi, •Kwaj* 7.j[ay, },.a;T*fpart
of her underclothing; tnei body wheri~_o!mii*
having upon it only the light wrapper in
which she was  seen to leave, the school.-
Her slippers lay together beside her underclothing, giving one tho impression that she
had thus partially di-rp^ed j ii|fcjpreyipu| tq^
herdeath. 'It-isitWlieatj^^^^
v,tht^pearancef6"fil'u'i<;i»i'3-!:( NoPrfeasdna'could"
}B(>2|asJpjped other than that she was some-
whaTbehind in her studies, and that this
had preyed upon her mind for several days
past.—Chicago Tribife, Arovember 16.
—A P'iw,tucke_ (11.;- J.,) lawyer:'*tyas
trying', to_ inaKeia--yy-itiiess tell why he
knew tha. a' certain' salook had' tlie reputation of being a ••rum shop." The
witness had never heard^anyone^sa^
that it was a rum shop, aha^the lawyer'
berated Mm giving the place a reputation withput^e^qr^earing.anvbodv say
a word ®bout,i_.; •• Wellj?' said the
witness, "you have the reputation of
being a .smart Jawyei*^ but 1 neve*,* heard
any one say go.'5! ''^eT^i^sSf'^ii^ allowed to go.
., —•-*—■—
--Somebody observes that when six
'y6tihg.*-adies sit down to talk about a
new dress pattern a small boy with
tin horn is a refuge for the^weary.
—Earthquakes  are
shaker persuasion.
Diseases in  Order of ■ Greatest
Area of Prevalence.
No. and Per Ct.
of    Observers'
by whom each
Disease    was
Reported.
No.
Per Ct.
37
88
SO
71
29
69
28
67
.28
67
26
62
25
60
23
55
19
45
18
43
lo
38
11
26
10
24
7
17
6
14'
6
14
G
14
5
12
4
*0
4
10
3
7
3
7
3
0
2
5
2
D
2
O
1
2
1
2
1
2
1,
2
1
2
1
3
1
2
lilntermittent Fever (Ague).
2 Rheumatism.. -.  _'	
3 Consumption, of Lungs	
4 Remittent Fever...,,'.:	
5 Typho-malariai-Fever	
6 Neuralgia' .... 	
7jBronchitis ..• .*...	
8;BiaiThea	
9iTOnsilitis  ......v.
10 Typhoid Fever (enteric) .
H| Diphtheria	
12 Pneumonia	
13Influenza*. .'. '.........
14j Whooping-cough  .
15 Erysipelas- .1, :...........
16 Scarlet Fever 	
17lCholera Morbus.	
lSJnflammation of Bowels.....
19(Measles.."   .'
20,Dyseulery _'	
21 Inflammation of Brain	
<-*2:Cerebro-spinal Meningitis..
23jPharyngitis.	
24 Cholera Infantum ..-.....
25 Membranous Croup	
26<Puerperal Fever..	
27 Continued Fever	
27 Paralysis	
27'Jaundice.  .	
. 28 Diphtheritic Paralysis.	
,;28 Bright's, Disease	
2i9,Croup 	
.SO'-Ieniorrhage, Lungs ....
The diseases shown to have most increased
in area ef prevalence, during the Aveek ending
Novembeto, axe b.'onchitis, whooplug-cough
and measles. The diseases which have most
decreased are dysentery, diahrr'hea, cholera-
morbus, diphtheria, erysipelas and intermittent fever. The great decrease in sickness
from dysentery, diarrhea and cholera-mOr-
b.us and the considerable decrease in ague
were to have been expected, and judging by
the experience In preceding years, this low
rate may reasonably be expected to continue.
As regards diphtheria Ihe qutloolc is not so
favorahle, the permanent decline has not
usually occurred until December, and in one
year it did not occur until 3 anuary. Much depends on what efforts are made to restrict the
disease. -   "
Henrv B. Baker, Secretary.
Lansing, Mich;, November 14,1881.
Boards of State Visitors.
Varnum B. Cochran^ Superintendent of
Public Instruction, has appointed the following persons to constitute the Boards of
Vistitors tO'the several incorporated institutions of learning in the State for the aca-
iideh) ic year 1SS1-2.
To Adrian College—Rev. George Duffleld,
Lansing; Prof-Samuel Dickie, Albion; George
P. Cobb, Bay City.
• To Albion College—Prof. M.L. D'Ooge, Ann
Arbor; Rev. D. C. Jacokes, Pontiac; "W. C.
Edsell,i_)tsego.      ;    •
To Battle Creek College—Rev. G. S. Hickey,
>Lansing; Charles Upson, COldwater; E. ii.
Fairfield, Jr., Tecumseh.
To Grand Traverse College—S. A. Burkhead,
Traverse City; Webster"Cook,-Manistee; Rev.
J. E. Richards, St. Johns.
To Hinsdale College—Prof. W. H. Payne,
Ann Arbor; John C. Patterson, Marshall;
Rev. E. Thompson, Lansing.
To Hope College—George A. Farr, Grand
Haven; W.L.Eaton, Kalamazoo; Rev. Samuel jjraves,-Grand Rapids. ■ ■ ■■. -
~s Tb Kalamazoo College—Prof. D. Putnam,
Ypsilanti; A. J. ilclrie ', Cold\yater; Rt. Rev.
G. D. Gillispie, Grand Rapids.
To Olivet College—Rev. Thomas Wright,
Fenton; J. H. Chandler, Houghton* Prof. G.
"tST.'Jones, Ann Arbor. • * '*
"r7To" German-American Seminary—Constantino "Waltz, Saginaw City; C. G. Swensberg,
Grand Rapids: E. Breitung, Negaunee.
To Michigan Female Seminary—Mrs. G. R.
Gold, Flint; -Mrs. L. F: Selfridge, Jackson;
Miss Emma T. Farrand, St., Clair.
To Michigan Military Academy—Gil R. Os-
mun, Detroit;" General N. Church, Ithaca;
Colonel Delos Phillips, Kalamazoo.
KTo.Raisin Valley. Seminary—O. G. Owen, La-
peier;).Ti"W. Robinson, Manchester; H. R. Gass,
Jttoesville.-: .''-•'■      ..■■■.:■•'.
To Somerydle School—Mrs. W. Irving Latimer, Big Rapids; .Miss Julia A. Kiug, Ypsilanti; Mrs. Adele M; Garrigues, East Saginaw.
To Monroe Young Ladies' Seminary—Miss
Lucy A. Chittenden, Ann Arbor; Mrs. I. M.
Wellington, Detroit; Mis. C. M. Croswell,
Adrian.
The following are the Detroit wheat quotations: No. 1 White,'^1.33@1.333^. No. 2
White, !|1.32@1.323^; No. 2. Red, $1.34®
1.35. -
At Kalamazoo a few ' days ago Mr. ahd
Mrs. John Hogeboom were found in then*
"KousS'insensible from the effects  of gas
Ifroihia coal stove.   Mr. H. recovered in a
^iejy&ours, but his wife was in a precarious
state.   They were old people and Mrs. H.'s
health had been feeble for some tinie.   The
accident was  due  to  allowing too  many
ashes to accumulate in the stove and choke
the draft.
- -iichigan has two candidates for the
Speakership of the National House of Representatives," Burrows and Hubbell, and
|herfids,a prospect that they will divide the
_ytote of the State in the Republican caucus.
A few nights ago, a burglar entered the
Emmanuel German Lutheran Ghurch at
Lansing, broke open an Iron box and stole
themoney'collected-for the mission fund,
amd^also stole a, small sum placed inthe
altar. The communion service was not
taken.
A copper-mining company, near Calumet,
has just put in operation a new set of purirp-
iug machinery, which cost $200,000, and is
the best iu the world of its kind. They ex-
^pect soon to begin the placing of one of the
most powerful stationary engines ever built
on either sjde of the Atlanti
SCHOOL AND CHURCH.
—In -V-irinesota there- are nlnety-fous
Episcopal churches, with eighty-three
clergymen, 5,064 communicants and
$262,497 worth of church property.
The contributions last vear aniounted
to $87,360.
—Owing to critical health the Eev.
Joshua Kinlber, Secretary of the Episcopal Board of Missions, has been
granted a six months' leave of absence
and a thousand dollars with which to
pay the expenses of a trip to Europe.
—The Oalifornia Methodists have begun to raise a "Haven memorial fund"
of **310,000 in memory of the late Bishop
Haven, who died in Oregon, for perfecting the library, cabinets, etc., of
the University of the Pacific. (
—The Seventh-Day Baptists have ten
native families connected with their
mission in Shanghai, China. The missionary force includes three missionaries, two native Bible readers, and a
Bible woman. Two day schools are
taught.
—President Seelye speaks with gratification of the success of the new system of self-government at Amherst.
The faculty agree that they have never
known a year in which so much honest
work, with such healthy results, has
been done in the college.
—The English Wesleyans cherish as
a valuable-relic the pocket Bible which
Mr. Wesley carried with him in all his
-journeys, and whieh is now handed
down to each President of the conference in succession, to be carrie'd and
used by him during his year of office.
—The B.ev. Sheldon Jackson, D. JL).,
a Superintendent of Presbyterian Home
Missions, has just completed his third
tour of Alaska. He has established two
new missions, stationed three new missionaries, made improvements in the
missionary buHdings and traveled 500
miles in canoes.
—Protestant Episcopal Bishop Penick,
of Africa, says that four out of seven
white ministers will come back to
America for their health this year, and
that sickness makes the work of white
missionaries so irregular that the proportion of negro laborers must be in-"
creased till the whole work is turned
over to them.
—The colored population of Lynchburg, Va., are in a j>rosperous state if
the character of their church edifices is
any indication. They have just dedicated a new Baptist church which cost
$22,00.0. It is described as one of the
most spacious and elegant church edifices in the city, with a tall spire that
can. be seen from the peaks ofTJDtter,
thirty miles distant.
—The visit of Mr. M. L. Eallenheck
to the Sandwich Islands on the invitation of the Young Men's Christian Association was attended by powerful revivals wherever he' went, both among
the white and the native churches, So
that an old missionary is reported to
have said that "never since the great
revival among the natives in 1838 has
Hawaii seen anything like it."
PUNGENT PAIUGRAPHS.
—Sal Ad is a nice girl to have at din-'
ner if she's well dressed. —Philaclelijhia,
Bulletin.
—Horse thieves are generally high-
strung individuals out in the territories.
—Wit and Wisdom.
—The proverb says that " beauty is
only skin deep," and it may be added
that at that you're sometimes making a
very liberal allowance.—Boston Post.
—A gamecock ought to be good eating. Does not the poet say "the bravest are the tenderest?"—Boston Courier.
—lt is carrying things a little too f ar
when a bald-headed man attempts to
coverthe top of hishead with hair grown
away down on the side of his neck.—
Boston Times.
—Now doth the small boy make raids
upon every orchard that is not fortified
by a dog, and decide to join some Sunday-school, to be on deck for a Christmas present.—Buck.
—Nothing like an honest quill. A St.
Louis paper starts an editorial with:
"Our ancestors, the baboons of Africa,"
etc. Don't you ever got lonesome to
see the old folks?—Detroit Free Press.
—Any man who goes up in a balloon
or plays a fiddle may be called a Professor, but before he can receive the
title of LL. D. he must be acquainted
with the clerk of a country college.—
N. Y. Picayune.
—We can'thelp entertaining a severe
respect for the science that ■can instantaneously photograph a flying horse,
but forces a man to sit for lour eternal
minutes in front of a camera, his head
braced into a pitchfork, and his nerveless eyes staring relentlessly out into
the fathomless realms" of the nndefina*
hie;—Bockland Courier.
—Inquirer—"What is genius?" This
is a pretty hard question to answer, but
we have an idea that genius is something that isn't afraid "to roll up its
sleeves and bend down to earnest and
careful work, and strain every nerve to
achieve ihe highest results of which it
is capable, while mediocrity is enjoying
itself at the theater or standing up at
the bar having a good time with the
hoys.~-Somerville Journal.
 ~ ♦—«—^	
A Trio of Boston Boys.
Professor Sawyer, the well-known
New York electrician, was formerly a
short-hand reporter on the staff of the
Boston Post. He invented and improved
a telegraph instrument, and the royalties on the patent enable him to live in
ease and roll in luxury. Professor Bell,
now a Washington millionaire, was a
few years ago a«po.Q£ n\an. "He lived in
Boston and taught the blind at the Perkins Institute on the Peninsula. He was
experimenting with the little instru
ment which he afterward perfected,, t
and which is making him a bonanza'
king of the first magnitude. Edison,
last but not least of the trio, Avas also a
Boston telegraph operator, and scores
of the " boys" on State Street remember him as a tireless seeker after better
things. He has them in scores, yes',
hundreds, of inventions and improve-f
ments in his Fifth Avenue palace. He
is gaining fame and coining money. He
was a Bostonlad who first bottled electricity, and three Boston boys are making the best and most wonderful uses
of it.