1881-12-29; Saline Observer

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LE BABON & MSSLY, Proprietors.
SALINE, WASHTENAW COUNTY, MICHIGAN, DECEMBER 29, 1881.
VOL. II.-NO. 7.
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Tlie  Guiteau Trial.
The Guiteau trial was resumed on the morning of the 21st. Dr. Allen Mclean Hamilton,
of J?,'ew Tork, testified as an expert, and; said
that in his opinion the prisoner was responsibly sane when he murdered the President. Jin
reply to a question by the District-Attorney,
"witness said that many persons, medically insane, were yet able to appreciate the difference
between right and wrong. Dr. Worcester, of
Salem. lla&s., who refused, when on the stand
for the defense, to answer the hypothetical
question of Mr. Scoville, testified that, in his
opinion, the prisoner was a sane man. In the
cross-examination the witness was required to
explain at great length the foundation of his
claim to be considered an expert, and was
constantly interrupted and abused both by
Guitsau and his counsel. Mr. Seovilie also
came in for a share of Guiteau*s abuse, the
prisoner declaiming against Mr. Scoville's
methods, and declaring that if he had been indicted for manslaughter and had employed Scoville to defend him he would have been hung
for murder. Mrs. Scoville tried to pacify the
prisoner, but he plainly told her she should attend to her own business and not interfere in
matters that -id not concern her. He also; insisted thu't relatives were a nuisance anyhow,
and that Mrs. Seovilie had been an impracticable and unmitigated nuisance all the way
through. Then quickly, turning- from anger to
mirth, the prisoner added with a laugh:
" You're a qneer lot anyhow, you S.covilles."-
At this point the Court adjourned.
Gcixsaxt came into court on the 22d evidently laboring under strong excitement, but after
a whispered consultation with his counsel ho
calpaed down, and Dr. Theodore Diinon, of
Auburn, X. JST., took the witness-stand. Tho
•witness said that, judging by the evidence to
"which he had listened, including that of the
prisoner himself, he had arrived*at the conclusion that he was a sneman. "When Mr. Scc-
ville asked how old a physician had to be before he was able to distinguish* between a; sane
and insane nian, witness replied that although
sixty-two years old, he was not yet old enough.
During the witness* testimony the prisoner
busied himself with opening his mail, and announced to the Court that he held in his hand
o letter from Dr. Spitzka stating that he had
rve--ived 200 letters congratulating him on his
testimony. At the. conclusion of the
en>ss-examination Guiteau shouted: "These
experts may be all hfgh-toncd, honorable men, but in my opinion they hang
imi-e men.than the doctors kill. General Gar-
fk-ld would be alive frvday had it not been for
the doctors.   They completed what my shot be-
f*nn. The Lord intended he should go, and so
le let the doctors kill him. He didn't die before his tirap, though." A witness named Shaw
was placed upon the stand, and, in replv to a
question, stated that he had been indicted for
perjury, but that it all arose from amisappro-
nenslon and he had been acquitted. Mr. Scoville gave notice to Mr. Shaw to be prepared to
fief end his character, as he had four witnesses
fco introduce whose testimony he (Shaw) would
want to meet.  Adjourned.
lioiKiiTATF/Mr on the opening of the court on
the 23d Uuiteau said that he had been charged
•with abusing his counsel, Mr. Scoville. He
said that Mr. Seovilie was doing very well in
the ease, considering his theory, but he was
not a criminal lawyer. He was a fine examiner of titles, but he could not properly coa>-
duct a case where a human life was at issue.
He concluded by introducing Charles H. Heed
as the counsel who would hereafter have
charge of his defense. Mr. Scoville stated tho
embarrassments under which he labored, and
asked the Court to rule upon the i-ropriety
of Mr. JReed assuming the active duties of associate counsel. The counsel for the prosecution and the Court expressed themselves satisfied with the arrangement. Some discussion
arose on the proposition to strike out somepor-
tions of Dr. Dimon's testimony, when Guiteau
became greatly excited and said ''I can't set
justice here; 1 expect an act of God for my
protection. He has taken away the wife of
one of the jurors, and, if necessary, he will
take one of these jurors right out of the box to
save my life in the interest of truth and justice." William A. Edward testified that he was
a clerk in Shaw's law-office, and overheard a conversation between Shaw
and the prisoner, when the latter
said he w^-ld-some day kill a big man. as
Booth had done. "Witness gave an account of
a fraudulent real-estate transaction in which
the prisoner attempted to involve him. Dr.
Spencer H. Talcutt, Superintendent of the
Asylum for the Insane at Middletown, jST. "ST.,
had treated over 1,000 eases of insanity. Ho
hnd closely obseiwed the prisoner and listened
to all the testimony, and believed that he was
not insane on the 2*1 of July. He did not believe it to be true that Guiteau acted
under an insane delusion when he
killed the President. If by inspiration
inJiu§ "casei was meant a "happy thought" to
- commit the act then he was inspired*; in any
other sense he was not. Dr. Henry P. Stearns,
Superintendent of the Hartford Retreat for
the Insane, testified that he had made four examinations of the prisoner in the jail, and detailed at great length the result of such examinations. He had reached the conclusion that
the prisoner is, and was on the 2d of July,
sane. Pending the cross-examination the
Court adjourned.
From "WasMngton.
Obr the 21st Secretary Frelinghuysen sent a
dispatch to> Charge-d'Affaires Hoffman, at St.
Petersburg, saying that the President desired
Wm CHoffman) to make provisions for the
relief and return of the officers and men of
the Jeannette, and to cable promptly the
amount of credit required, and it would be
forwarded by the Secretary of the JNavy; also,
to cable what step3 could be taken for the
rescue of the crew of the missing boat.
A bulletin has been issued from the Census Bureau showing that there were standing
on the 31st day of May, im, S0,610,000,000
feet of merchantable pine in JXIinnesota; 23,-
875.000,000 in Mississippi; 21,192,000,000 in
Alabama ;6.615,S0O,lX)O in Florida, and 67,50s,-
500,000 in Texas. During the year ended May
31. last, 5-0,1*97,000 feet of merchantable lumber were eat in Minnesota; 115.775,000 feet in
Mississippi; 245,390,000 in Alabama; 20S,05i,000
in Florida and "274,440,000 in Texas.
Ox the 22d President Arthur left Washington for New York, to spend the holidays.
Stilsox Htrtt'iiixs, of the Post, of Washington, recently received a. proposition from
one of the graveyard insurance companies of
Pennsylvania to obtain Guiteau's signature to
an application for a policy of §100,000, .offering
t&e iournalist twenty per cent, of thfe profits
in the scheme.
Ox the 23*1 it was announced that Mr. Seovilie, counsel for Guiteau, had received so
niai«y threatening letters that Mrs. Scoville
was making urgent appeals to Marshal Henrv* and the Washington police to protect her
husband and her brother.
Up j,o" the iJ3d the .tojal redemption" of
c TLTpife'd States bonds  was as follows: Under
"the 103th call Sa7*,023,<$OO,-and under the I06th
call $f*,-39,550.
Mail transportation cost §19,323,890 during
the las^t fiscal year.
Mijs. SwayXE, wife of ex:Justfce Swayne,
of the United States Suprerfte Court, died re-
centlyin Washington.
7 '' IDUVirm Conprress, .'
"^dsesuat, December 21.—In the Senate
i&e following nominations were received from
the President and confirmed: Pierre C. Van
Wyck, Superintendent of f he Assay Office at
JNewl'orii; Jesse Spalding, Collector of Customs of Chicago-; Alonzo J- JEdgcrfcon, Chief-
Jufrtice of the Territory of Dakota. Mr. Beck
called for information as to the rates
of duties imposed on American manufactures
by England and France. Bills were introduced: by Mr. Mitcheil, relative to the compensation and expenses of pension agents;
by Mr. I'iuii*'*, m .(.li-apea the.period, in
• -honi-steailing:public lands to" two-years. "The
Garfield memorial resolutions were received
and concurred in. Adjourned to January 5.
In the Houv-the Scnatcbill legalizing UieTer-
ritorial Legislature .of New Mexico, was passed.
JMr. Hammond introduced a bill amending
tbe Constitution as to offices and duties of
President and Vice-President. The Speaker
announced the Standing Committees. Adjourned to Janus rv* 5.
. .-■ The -Easts-*****       * - •"*
31k. Chamek, of New narcn. Conn., ftjflicr
fsSS&the^l whogc'-a^li'^ftri^ateOa^|e
ta;ieybrotli-r^,* died*3| c^WI^^l^Wv
ays ago.   fie was cowderc^oneltf^hc most
' important witne.-res for tbe prosccutlo'},
I ■ Tub Co*ni'trol:ci',8 office, at Newark, JN. .*■*,,
i6*minus.a -Chief Clerk..-<Tlie* "person filling
that position abfconded a few days ago.
,   vA i*£w days ago Geojsge Q, Sickles, aged
eighty years,  father of General Daniel E.
Sickle 5y was nnrried, in N«*j_v York, to Mary
Sheridan lawyer, his lioys**keeper, aged about
•forty-eight.
A hse of §1,000 and costs and two years'
imprisonment *was the punishment a few days
since meted out to David Monat, formerly a
member of the Philadelphia Council, who
pleaded guilty to election frauds. He broke
down completely, and stated that he had been
a prisoner of war and had never been charged
with any other offense.
The Philadelphians who organized a scheme
to drain the Everglades of Florida are reported to have sold half their land to an English
company.
James W. Mnusit, a bond-robber, escaped
from the Penitentiary at Pittsburgh the other
day by secreting himself in a bos supposed to
contain boots and shoes. He sprang out near
the suspension bridge and ran up the river
bank.
Ix New York on the 22d- was given the animal dinner of the New England Society in
commemoration of the landing of the Pilgrims. The first toast: "ThePresident of the
United States," was responded to by President
Arthur in a very happy speech, which -was frequently applauded. The President is a member of the Society.
Isadoke Human*, a manufacturer of worsted
and kee goods in New York, made an assignment the other day. His liabilities are §130,-
000.
Coloxel J. Howard Welles, the sender of
threatening letters to Jay Gould, was indicted
recently by the Grand Jury at New York.
Miss Mary Parker, of Newton, Mass., has
been awarded §13,000 for injuries sustained
while alighting from a train on the Boston &
Albany Eoad. _
"West and South.
Ix early days Daniel H. Haskell managed
the banking-house of Adams & Co., in San
JFrancisco, and had an income of §70,000 per
year. He died in the almshouse, recently, a
pauper.
The. House of Delegates of Virginia recently relieved forty citizens from disability incurred by duelling. Included in the list were
the names of H. H. JRiddleberger, General
Payne and thr?.e members of the Wise family.
Ax Columbus a few days ago Fred W. New-
burgh, Assistant Secretary of the Ohio Board
of Public Works, was arrested on a charge of
forging §4,000 in vouchers. He confessed his
crime.
Foreig*a Intelligence.
Some Mexican cavalry and customs guards
had a fight with twenty smugglers near Mier,
a few days ago. Lieutenant Neza and a corporal and private were killed. The smugglers
escaped into Texas. Three notedbandits were
hanged'by Mexican yigilants near JRenosa.
Gexekal Igxatieff has ordered that an active search for the second cutter from the
Jeannette be made. James GordonBennett has
sent a cablegram from Paris to Secretary Frelinghuysen stating that he had transferred
six thousand rubles to Generallgnatieff to aid
Captain De Long and his party. The distance
by wagon from St. Petersburg to the point
where the shipwrecked crew are stopping is
four thousand miles.
A meetixg of bankers and merchants of
London was held recently, at which a resolution was passed in favor of the formation of
an association to consider the remonetization
of silver. Henry Hiicks Gibbs, one of the Directors of the Bank of England, was chosen
President, of the Council.
It is reported that the Governor of Cuba
recently discovered false certificates by which
170 negroes who ought to be free are held in
bondage.
OwixG to a dispute between Dublin and
Belfast as to, accepting royal patronage, it is
stated that the proposed exhibition of Irish
manufactures has fallen through.
A recext telegram from London stated that
a large French house in the East India trade
was in difficulties. Some French credit establishments would lose heavily. One was involved to the extent of £100,000.
A report received the other day from Major Rogers, in charge of the Canada Pacific
survey party in the Rocky Mountains, gives
information of having found an accessible
route from the fifty-first parallel to Yale, with
a maximum grade of eighty feet to the mile.
Ix New York the other day the messenger
of a Wall street house lost on the pavement a
package of bonds valued at §130,000.
• The steamship Westphalia arrived in New
York on the 23d with twelve hundred immigrants on board, reeking with small-pox.
Health Commissioner De Wolf, of Chicago,
and Dr. Ranch, Secretary of the Illinois Board
of Health, telegraphed to the Health Officer of
New York requesting a strict quarantine, and
protestedagainst the afflicted ones being allow
ed to come West.
Qx the 23d, at Carlton, Ireland, Miss Reynolds, charged with aiding a no-rent conspiracy, refused to give bail to keep the peace,
and was sent to jail for one month.
Mouxt Vescvius, in Italy, is reported in an
active state of eruption.
LATER.
The bonded warehouse of Covert, Acker &
Co., in South street, New York, stored with
silks, tobacco aud spirits, was destroyed hy
fire on the evening of the 24th, the loss being
§3,000,000 or more. Three firemen -were injured. The building No. 359 Broadway," occupied by several dry-o;oods firm*, was burned,
causing damage of "§260,000.
The Pope gave his customary Christmas
Eve reception to the Cardinals, of whom twenty-three were in attendance. He said his position was growing more intolerable every day,
and pilgrims to 'Rome were insulted by the
press and populace.
Rev. Dr. Leoxard Bacox died in New
Haven on the 24th. He was born in Detroit
in 1S02, graduated at Yale in 1820, and four
years later became pastor of the Center
Chureh, with which he had ever since been
connected.   He leaves nine children.
The Canadian customs authorities, after
an exhaustive examination of the books of
the Pullman Car Company, have reduced their
demand from §160,000 to §20*), on goods
brought in during the past eight years.
Barox vox Schloezer, the German Minister at Washington, has been notified by Bismarck that his presence is required at Rome,
and he will take his departure January 5.
Four thocsaxd persons assembled iu the
American Institute riuk In New York on the
evening of the 24th, to see the start in the six-
day walking-ntatch for the championship of
the world. Hart, Krohuc and Eunis were
among the stragglers. .
r A picjErocKiar, was caught at work during
high mass in th'ti church of the Holy Cross, at
Warsaw, Poland, on the 2oth. To facilitate
his escape he gave an alarm of fire, aud in the
panic which ensued forty persons were killed
and sixty others injured.
At a country hotel near Reading, Pa., citizens holding graveyard insurance rcprcsent-
ing^250,000, gathered on the evening of the
24th and made-*a.large bonfire of the policies
and assessment.notices.
Joiix O. Evitx**, 'President of the Mutual
Union Telegraph Comgan"s"|Hed at the Gilsey
House in New York 6n *.nj?|&.h.
Is the Guiteau trial On fie 24th four med-
icai experts gave their testimony. Dr. Henry
P. Stearns, notwithstanding a vigorous cross-
ex • initiation, maintained th .t the assassin
was perfectly sane. Dr. James Strong, for
many years superintendent of the Cleveland
Insane Asylum, also testified to Guiteau's
perfect bodily health, and to tlie fact that he
Wijs-in no wiseinsane. Dr. Abrani M. Shew,
Superintendent of the Conneejfcut Hospital
for the Insane, said he had made two examinations of the prisoner, and av;*s' confident that
he was .perfectly sane on the 2d of
July, and. was sane at the present time.
Dr. Orpheus Kvarts, Superintendent of the
Private Asylum, College Hill, Ohio, said there
is no uniformity of head, either as regards
size or forin>-f|i cither sane or insane persons,
lie had cxninln'cd the piiaoiicAm jail, and conversed wifji Win, and bad clpfcly watclicdjii.
conduct during the trial, and had fbrmed" the
opinion that the prisoner on the 2d of July
was sane. During the examination of these
witnesses Guiteau was very noisy and insolent. A threat to remove him, to, the prisoners' dock had a* .quieting effeQfc T^diourned
\o the 27th,   • - •*** *    3 **"  '
GROWTH OI* THE UNITED STATES IN TEN TEARS.
The Population According to tlie Census of 1880, Showing the  Increase in tho I,ast
Decade.
The following table presents the final official figures of the population of the United States
at the tenth census, with a column showing, for comparative purposes, the population of
1870. The figures for Indian Territory and Alaska are omitted, as their inhabitants are not
considered citizens. All Indians not subject to taxation are also omitted, in conformity with
the Census law.   The column headed "Colored" comprises only persons of African descent:
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THE JEAMETTE.
A Telegram from James Gordon Bennett*
Washington, December 23.
The State Department has the following dispatch from James GordonBennett with regard
to the survivors of the Jeannette:'
Paris, December 23.
Hon. Frederick J. Frelinghuysen, Secretary of
State, Washington:
I have just received the following telegram
from my correspondent at St. Petersburg concerning the Jeannette party:
General Ignatieff has given orders to send
two new expeditions from Iakoutsk in search
of the shipwrecked crew, and has directed that
every available means be employed to find
boat No. 2.
On the 2oth of September, as has already
been told, Melville and ten men were met by
three Yakats. Yakats are good-natured nomads, very skillful in caring for disorders and
maladies caused by the cold. Theparty could
not have fallen into better hands. It must be
remembered, however, that from Barchoi,
where they were discovered, to Iakoutsk,
the distance is 2,000 versts, or 1,400 miles,
with no regular means of transport.. At
least twenty days were required to get there,
but as those who went to the rescue
started three days ago, the time necessary to
find the party and bringthembackto Iakoutsk
would be about two months. Nor should it
be forgotten that, although the whereabouts
of Melville and his party is pretty well known,
that of De Long, who sent forward Nende-
man and Noras out of his party of thirteen, is
not known, aud that for a succoring expedition to reach him will take a long time over
countiy where there are no roads,
The distance from Iakoutsk to Irkoutsk is
2,818 versts, or 1,"900 miles, with a hampered
postal which will require at least fifteen days
to transport twenty-four persons. The Governor of Iakoutsk, General Tschemaieff (not
General Tchernaiff of Servia), will receive the
instructions of the Government and orders for
fresh expeditions in eight days, by courier extraordinaire, traveling 250 miles a day. There
Will be no further news, then, from the Jeannette party themselves in less than three
months, as the telegraph wire does not extend
beyond Irkoutsk. From Irkoutsk to St. Petersburg will take them probably a month, traveling
as rapidly as possible, although they will probably be at St. Petersburg by April, and in New
York by May. This is all the information I
have received to date. In case the Government should wish to communicate directly
with the Jeannette, I beg to say that General
Anoutchine, Governor of Eastern Siberia, is
now in St. Petersburg, but that his representative during his absence is General Peda-
shenski, with whom you can correspond direct. In case any further news is received, I
shall at once inform you. ■     .      ,     ,
James Gordon Benxett.
Loss of the Jeannette.
The following dispatch has been sent from
the State Department:
Departseest oe State,    1
Washington, t>. C, December 23. f
To Hoffman, St. Petersburg:
Convey the thanks Of the President to the
Imperial Government for its liberal and generous action in advancing the necessary funds
to render assistance to the members of the
Jeannette expedition, and inform Mr. Degeir3
that you are authorized to draw on me_to reimburse that Government, if it will kindl/
Inform you of the amount.
Fbelinghut-9E*V
AX INTERVIEW   WITH SCH*WATKA.
Portland, Oregon, December 23.-
The Oregonian will publish an interview
with Lieutenant Schwatkaregardingthecruise
ofthe Jeannette. He believes she wintered
at Liakhov Islands, or near by on the
Siberian coast, passing en route .south of
Wrangell Land, which would account for no
traces of her being found by the Convin or
Rodgers. Her previous discoveries cannot be
inferred from her position when lost, but may
be extensive and interesting.
De Long did not follow the axis of the warm
Japanese current north of Bchring's Str.it,
which should be done before that avenue' is
condemned as impracticable. As to the rer
turn of the party, the route suggestedbyKen-
non seems the most sensible. Probably his instructions to make a northeast passage a see!-
ondary consideration led De Long to make no
attempt to reach the pole in the, direction of
the Parry Archipelago. His retreat in boats
is one of the most masterly-managed escapes
in the history of abandoned Polar vessels."-, "
Schwatka puts no faith in the reports thai
the Russians withheld information concerning
the Jeannette. The result of the expedition
is a severe contradiction of the belief that a
good Polar route can be formed by following
the channels through the ice of the great* Sl4
berian rivers and ocean currents, and leaves
but little doubt as 'to the fate of the lost
American whalers, the Vigilant and Mount;
Wallastin, which is as terrible as the imagination could conceive. J.'
Should the loss of the Jeannette be coupled
with that of the English exploring yacht Eira,-*
under Leigh Smith, the tendency of the adlvo-s
catcs of Arctic exploration will be looked on
#itli 1-8S favor than the more hazardous btit
probably more successful methods of aerial
jnaylgation. The Jcannette's fate will also,
tend to discourage the proposed coasting coin-
merce to the mouth of the Lena. He thiijks'
this disaster will tend to forward the idesffd?'
using^hipst-merely to carry expeditions to
p^-f-ier smarting points^ and-ef'-'c'tis ft, secoua-
juy basis of eappiy*
The Jeannette has shared the fate of the
Tegethoff. That vessel disappeared off the
coast of Nova Zembla, in 1872, and was never
again seen, but two 3"cars afterward Payer and
Weyprecht and their companions _ returned
without their ship, having broken away from
Arctic imprisonment and effected their escape
in their boats after an agonizing struggle. In
like manner the Jeannette has been crushed
in the ice, and her gallant Commander comes
b ck without his ship two years after it was
last sighted north of Behring Strait.
The scene of the disaster was 1 ititude 77
degrees, longitude 157 degrees east, and the
time June 23. The crew embarked in three
boats, one of which reached the mouth
of the Lena on September 29, and another
subsequently, while the third has not
reached land. The survivors were in their
boats from seventy to ninety days, and their
condition on reaching land is described as
pitiable. Their sufferings must have been
even more heartrending than those ofthe
Polaris castaways, whom DeLong himself
rescued off the coast of Labrador; for, although they, too, left their ship in latitude 77
degrees aud had been 198 days on the floating
ice when they were picked up by the Tigress,
theyhad started with more thanaboat'sloadof
provisions. The escape of two-thirds of the
Jeannette's crew is a deliverance almost
miraculous. The sufferings of these brave
Bailors Will excite a thrill of sympathy wherever this last story of Arctic adventure is told.
The English-speaking world, recognizing their
Anglo-Saxon grit, will rejoice with one consent over the safety of those .who have been
rescued, and will lament the possible fate of
the missing boat's crew.
Has De Long the same solace which Payer
and Weyprecht enjoj'ed, when tlicy reap-
peire'd fffter their two. years' voyage? They
had discovered Franz Josef Land. It was an
accident, to be sure, for their vessel hadbeen
caught in the ice and they had been drifting
in utter helplessness for months when their
eyes first caught a glimpse of that mysterious
shore; still, it was a discovery which richly
compensated them for all their sufferings aud
trials. Has De Long done anything more
than to return half-w-y on the track of Nor-
denskjold, the intrepid Commander of the
Vega? Unable to break through the ice on
the Behring Strait meridian, has he turned to
the left through Long Strait, and, spending
two winters on the Siberian coast, only edged,
his way as far west as the Siberian Islands? Or
has her-lso made, discoveries in higher latitudes, so that he can do something
besides compare notes with Nordenskjold?
The details of his cruise will be awaited with
the keenest interest. The latitude where disaster overtook his trim little vessel indicates
that he had a higher ambition than to repeat
the Swede's exploit. It is a higher latitude
than that of the northernmost cape which the
Vega rounded, and is on a level with Prince
Patrick Land and the southern edge of Spitsbergen. Whether it was the highest latitude
which he had reached, or whether he had made
discoveries of real importance before his ship
was abandoned, we shall know when the log
is furnished in detail. It will be melancholy,
indeed, if this gallant commander and his
plucky companions have struggled and suffered as they must have done without having
added materially to the sum of human knowledge or enlarged. the horizon of the polai
basin.
In the first flush of this sudden news from
the Jeannette, science and geography count
for little. It is the human element which
touches the hearts of people of generous instincts. .There is joy ojer the deliverance of
the bulk ofthe crew; there is sympathy for
the brgye Commander's Wife, who has been
waiting so anxiously for twenty-eight long
months for tidings of his safety; there is sorrow that she ship's company has been divided
and that so many brave men may have perished. But the scientific aspects cannot be entirely overlooked. The failure of this expedition may tend to simplify the future course of
Arctic exploration. The theory generally
adopted in recent years has been that in order
to reach a high latitude within the Arctic
Circle the vessel must follow a coast line
trending northward. When De Long left Sa'ri
Francisco in 1879 there were three coasts which
seemed to offer peculiar advantages for Arctic
exploration. One was the Greenland shore,
which Kane, JIayes, JHall, and^ures had followed; another was the recently discovered
Franz ;Josef Land, which ' has sihcci
been partially explored by Leigh Smith; and
the third was Wrangell Land, which was supposed to be a large island and possibly one of
a chain of Islands stretching toward the Pole.
De Long hoped to succeed in wintering, on,
Wrangell Land and in following what was fancied might be a polar archipelago far to the
north. Wrangell Land is now knowiFfb! Jjci a,
small island with an impenetrable sea to the
north, and Leigh Smith's disappearance in tbe
Kara Sea dlscouYages attempts to make Franz
Josef Land a base of operations. If the phantom queSt for.the PolcTs* ever t6 be rcsiimcd,
the'clcf route" through Smith's Sound must bo
considered the safest highway. The little colony of Americans and Eskimos which was
landed in Lady Franklin Bay last summer has
bettieropiiortuliities for scientific research and
extended explorations in the highest latitudes
than any ship's crew exposed.to the-terrible
risks of the Sibcjian waters, and tho Barentz
Sea can possibly have.—Af. Y, Tribune.
—Paper bcliing is iisod.in Japan, aild
is sM(t t0 h$ st-j'ongev than leather.
The nouse Committees.
Washington, December 21.
Speaker JKeifer announced the Standing
Committees in the House to-day, as follows:
Accounts—Urner, Chairman.; Skinner, Brewer, Candler, Martin, Clardy, Hoge.
Additional Accommodation for Congressional Library—Rico (Jfass.), Chairman; Farwell,
(111.), Humphreys, Geddes, Gibson.
Agriculture—Valentine, Chairman; Upde-
rralt (O.), Carpenter, Anderson, Gottschalk,
Wadsworth.Itich (Mich.), West, Cullen, Hazel-
tine, Hatch, Dibrell, Aiken,- Latham, -Black,
Post-
Alcoholic Liquor Traflic—Waite (Pa.), Chairman; Joyce, Chase, Hepburn, Dingley, "Williams (Ala,), Atkins, Davis (Mo.), Vance.
Appropriations—Hiscoek. Chairman; Robeson, Cannon, Burrows, (Mich.), Butterworth,
Caswell, Ryan, O'Neill, Ketcham, Blackburn,
Cox (N _".), Atkins, Forney, Lof evre, Ellis,
Banking and Currency—Crapo, Chairman;
Smith (111.), Webber, Dingley, Moore, Cornell,
Brhmm, Buckner, Hardeubergh, Flower, JEr-
mentrout.
Census—Prescott, Chairman; Sherwin, Tyler,
Bavne, Fulkorson,ilcOord, Pierce, Cox (N, Y.),
Coleriek, Wise (Va.), Tillman,
Civil Service—Orth, Chairman; Kasson, Horr,
Brigg8, Neal, Hubbell, Butterworth, House,
Curtin, Tucker, Phelps.
Claims—Crowley, Chairman; Taylor, Bowman, Mason, Thompson (la.), Ray, Peelle, Hill,
Smith (111.), Mills, Hutehin3,   Turner  (Ga.),
Buchanan, Clarke, Oatcs.
Coinage, Weights and Measures—Fi3her,
Chairman; Belt'ord, McClure, Lacey, Washburn, Payson, Hazeltine, Stephens, Smgletoa
(Miss.), llosecrans, Bland, Lund.
Commerce—Page, Chairman; Richardson (JT.
*?.), Townsend (O.), Horr, Washburn, Candler,
Ward, "White- George, Gueuther, Reagan, Mc-
Lane, Gibson, Ross, Herndon.
District of Columbia—Neal, Chairman; Heil-
man, Barr, Urner, Smith (JT. Y.), Pierce, De-
zendorf, Klotz, Garrison, Cassidy. Allen.
Education nnd Labor—Updegraff (O.), Chairman; Sherwin. Carpenter, Davis (111.', Page,
Tyler, Willis, Clements, Morey, Dibble, Doud.
Elections — Calkins, Chairman; Hazelton,
Waite, Thompson (la.), Itunney, Ritchie, Petti-
bone, Miller, Jacobs, Paul, Beltzhoover, Atherton, Davis (Mo.), Jones (Tex.), Moulton.
JEnrolled Bills—Aldrich, Chairman; Pierce,
West, Shailenberger. Kenna,Warner, Belmont.
Expenditures on Public Buildings—Errett,
Chairman; Robinson (O.), Grant, Wise (Pa,)
Garrison, Latham.
Expenditures iu Departmentof Justice—Wil-
lets. Chairman; McCord, Norcross, Neal, Singleton (Miss.), Blount, Bragg.
Expenditures in Interior Department—Hub-
bell, Chairman; Crapo, W. A. Wood (N. Y.),
Shultz, Simonton, Blanchard.  Burrows (Mo.).
Expenditures in Post-OfficeDepartment—Cannon, Chairman; Walker, Pound, Farwell (la.),
Reagan, Tillman, Ladd.
Expenditures in War Department—Briggs,
Chairman; Miles, Steele, Marsh, Blackburn,
Jones iToz.), Sparks.
Expenditures in Navy Department—Robo-
•Son, Chairman; Harris (Mass.), Harmer, O'Neill,
Phelps, Turner (Ky.).
Expenditures in Treasury Department—Bel-
ford, Chairman; Roed, Heilman, Scranton,
Forney, Buckner, Felton.
Expenditures in State Department—Deering,
Chairman; Lindsey, Barr, Williams (Wis.)
Herndon, Lang, Frost.
Foreign Affair.*—Williams, Chairman: Orth,
Kasson, Rice (Mass.), Duunell, Lord, Walker,
Blount, Wilson, Deuster, Belmont
Indian Affairs—Haskell, Chairman; Deering,
Rice (Mass.), Mason, Spaldiug, Buck, Richardson (N. Y.), Hooker, Scales, Welburn, Blanchard, Aiusley.
Invalid Pensions—Brown, Chairman; Joyce,
Cullen, Ray, Dawes, Pettibone, Parker, Rico
(O.), Wadsworth, Matson, Caldwell, Simonton,
Cabell, Latham, McMillen.
Judiciary—Reed, Chairman; Willetts, Robinson (Mass.), Briggs, Humphreys, Taylor,
McCoid, Payson, JNorcross, Knott, nammond
(Ga.), Culbertaon, Converse, Manning (Miss.),
Townshcnd (111.).
Library—McCook, Chairman; Lindsey, Geddes.
Manufactures—Campbell, Chairman: Hammond (N. Y.), Jones (N. J.), Miles, Gottschalk,
West, Chase, Finley. Murch, Harris (N. J.),
Stockslager.
Mileage—Jorgensen, Chairman; Rich (Mich.),
Ward, Cobb, Moulton.
Military Affairs—Henderson, Chairman; McCord, Bayne, Steele, Davis (111.), Spaulding,
Spooner, Sparks, Upson, Bragg, Wheeler, Magi uniss.
Militia—Strait, Chairman; Bayne,Hawk,Mo-
rey, Guenther (Ark.), Felton, Thompson (Ky,),
Frost, Mosgrove, Jones (Ark.).
Mines and Mining—Van Voorhis, Chairman;
Davis (111.), Bingham, Fulkerson, Hubbs, Calkins, Young, uassidy, Berry, Ben Wood (N.
Y.), Brumm, Ourey,
Mississipni Levees—Thomas, Chairman; Carpenter, Prescott, Darrall, Rico (O.), Moore,
Jones (Tex.), Burroughs (Mo.), ICing, Thomson
(Ky.), Guenther (Ark.), Clardy, Whitthorne.
Naval Affairs—Harris (Mass.), Chairman;
ftobeson, Harmer, Thomas, AVatsOn, Ketehum.
Dezendorf, Morse, Davidson (Fit*,), Talbot, Harris (N. J.)-
Pacific Railroads—Hazelton (Wis.), Chairman; Harmer, Butterworth, Robinson (Ohio),
Hammond (N. Y\), Paul,-"Darrall, Farwell, Mc-
Kenzie, Bliss, House,"Dunnell,, Nolan.
Patents—Young, Chairman; Ritchie, Skinner, Caswell, Flower. Jones (N. J.), Spooner.
Vance, Turner (Ky.), Scoville, Shelley.
Pensions—Marsh, Chairman; Hepburn, Rice
(Mo.), Stone, Steele, Webber, Fulkerson, Hewitt (Ala.), Cox (N. C), Robinson (N. Y.), Burrows (Mo.)
Pension Bounties and Back Pay—Joyce.
Chairman;' Brown, "Lindsey, Hawk, Whitthorne, Curtin, Mosgrove.
Post-offices and Post-roads — Bingham,
Chairman; Anderson, Jorgensen, Lacey,
Peello, Farwell, Morey, Springer, Money, Evans Arc-field, Brents.
Public Buildings and Grounds — Shailenberger, Chairman; Lewis, Cutts, De Motte.
Scranton, Ford, Smith (N. Y.), Cook, Hewitt
(N. Y.). Singleton (III.), Herbert
Pubbo Expenditures—Randall, Chairman;
Blackburn, W. A. Wood (N.Y), Ryan, DeMotte,
Lewis, Ladd, Fulkerson, Martin, Guenther
(Ark.), Berry.
Presidential Election—Updegraff (la.). Chairman; Camp, Crapo, "White, Fisher, Jacobs,
Lindsey, Stephens, Morrison, Carlisle, Hewitt
iN.Y.).
Public Health—Van Aernam, Chairman; Updegraff (O.), Bowman, Cullen, Hubbs, Rose-
crans, Coleriek, Aiken, King.
Public Lands—Pound, Chairman; Belford,
Hepburn, Dwight AVatson, Strait, Rice (Mo.).
Cravens, Phister, Mulchler.
Printing—Van Horn, Chairman; McClure,
Springer.
Private Land Claims—Pacheco, Chairman;
Norcross, Hazelton (Wis.), Cornell, Morey.
Cutts,Muldrow,Williams (Ala.), Ford, Shackelford, Hoge.
Railways and Canals—Towngond (O.), Chairman; Dwight, Henderson, Campbell, Shultz,"
Lord, Brewer, Kenna, Wise (Pa.), ChalinerSj
nndHoblitzel. '
Revision of Laws—McKinley, Chairman;
Robinson. Buck, George, Brumm, Hill (N. J.),
Jadwin, Covington, Richardson (S. C), Jones
(Ark.), McMillan.
Rules—The Speaker, Chairman; Orth, Robe-
Bon, Randall, Blackburn.
Territories—Burrows (Mich.) Chairman; Aid-
rich, Van Voorhis, Miller, Dawes, Crowley,
Grant, Mills, Richardson (S. C), Dugro, Lee-
dom, Pettigrew.
War Claims—Houk,-Chairman; TTpdegrafl
(la.), Smith (Pa.), Ranney, Jadwin, Hall, Robertson, Geddes, Holman, Barbour. Chapman.
Ways and Means—Kclley (Pa.), Chairman;
Kasson, Dunnell, McKinley, Hubbell, Haskell,
Russell, Erret, Randall, Tucker, Carlisle,
Morrison, Speer.
< » m	
The "Jeannette" Heard From.
MICHIGAN STATE _**1E\V9.
• -.   , London, Dece'.jcr 21.
The following telegram was received at the
London office of the Herald at twenty minutes
past two this morning, dated Irkoutsk, Russia, December 21:
The Jeannette was* crushed by ice in latitude
77:15 degrees north, longitude 157 degrees
east. The boats and sleds made good theii
retreat to fifty miles northwest of the Len3
River, where the three boats were separated in
a gale. The whaleboat, in charge of Chief-
Engineer Melville,, entered the east mouth oi
the Lena River September 17. It was stopped
by ice in the river. We found a native village,
and, as soon as the river closed, I put myseli
in communication with the command at
Baloemga. On October 29 I heard thatthe
first cutler containing Lieutenant De Long,
Dr. Ambler and twelve others, had landed
at the north mouth of the Lena. The
commandant at Baloemga sent instant
relief to the * whaleboat party, who* are all
well. Nindeman and Noras .arrived at
Baloemga October 29, for relief for tlie firs*
Cutter, allot whom are in sad condition, and
in danger of starvation, and all badly frozen.
'I-jjl JcbinniandaTit at Balbemga s<<nt scoUt's'to
look tor them, and will urge a vigorous search
until they are iound.** The second cutter has
not yet been heard from. Telegraph money
for instant use to Irkoutsk and likoutsks ^ (V
The list of people in the boats is as follows:
First Cutter.—Lieutenant Do LbHg, Dr. Ambler. Jerome, J. Collins", William Nindeman,
Louis Noras, Hans Erikson, Henry Knack,
Adolph Bressler, Carl Gortz, Walter Lee, Neils
Ivarson, George Boyd, Alexia, AUXarn., ,-.--«,
Whnlebbat—Engineer Mclvlllfe, Lieutenant
Danchhauer,Jack Colo, James Bartlett, Raymond Newcomb, Herbort Leach, George Xan>
ilentach* Henry Wilson, Manson, Aniquin,
Long.   '
Second Cutter—Lioutenant Chipp, Captain
Dunbar, Alfred Sweetraan, * Henry Waxen,.:
Peter Johnson, Ed-Vard Star, Shawell, Albert
t-aihne.
The first cutter and whale boat are safe.
—The Rev. E. D. 'tea-gei' fell dead on
Sunday in bis pulpit nt. Woodstowri, N
J, "His death w%* caused *by paralysis,
t&iiillingfroin ovwwni'lv of the brain.
Michigan Crop Report.
The Secretary of State issued his regular
erop report on the 21st.   He says:
For this report returns have been reserved
from 913 correspondents, looated in 664 townships. Five hundred and sixty-two of these
returns are from 370 townshipa inthe southern
four tiers of counties. The returns were made
between December 1 and 14. The estimates
show thatthe present acreage of wheat in the
southern four tiers of counties exceeds the
acreage sown in 1880 by 2 per cent, and in the
counties north of the southern four tiers by 8
per cent, indicating a probable acreage in the
State of about 1,834,529 acres. The condition
December 1 in the southern four tiera of counties was 133 per cent, and in the northern
counties about 117 per cent, of the condition
December 1, 1880. This excellent showing is
supplemented In numerous instances by
statements that the wheat presents an
unusually fine appearance, . having
tillered well and obtained large
growth. The white grub and Hessian fly are
reported present in various localities, but
whiie they may, and undoubtedly "will, injure
individual fields, the reports do not indicate
that their ravages will noticeably affect the
aggregate product of the State, Wheat seldom, If ever, has gone into the winter in better
condition than this year. The yield of corn in
1381 is estimated at 40,460,901 bushels of ears, or
about 20,230,450 bushels of shelled corn. Those
figures are based on the acreage as estimated
in September and the yield per acre as estimated in December. At the date of making
the reports but a small portion of the clover
seed had been hulled, and correspondents in
the counties of Barry, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Eaton, Hillsdale, Jackson, Kent,
Lenawee, Oakland and St. Joseph, in the southern part of«the State, and in Grand Traverse
and Newaygo Counties, in the northern section, report the clover seed greatly damaged
by the wet weather, many fields being entirely
ruined. Some of them estimate one-fourth of
the crop destroyed. One correspondent in
Cass reports 15 per cent, rotting in the fields,
and another thinks not a bushel will be saved
in his township. The estimates—172-100 bushels per acre in the southern and 2 43-100 bushels in the northern counties—are at best but
rough guesses. The yield of potatoes is estimated at 55 bushels in the northern counties.
.The average condition (as regards flesh) of cattle in the southern four tiers of counties is
about the same, and of sheep 2 per cent
better, while in the northern counties the average of each is about 7 per cent, better than
December 1,18S0. _
Michigan  Items.
Diphtheria has attacked United States District-Attorney Cutcheon, of Detroit, and suits
have to be suspended in consequence.
Reports to the State Board of Health for
the week ended December 10 show a considerable increase in the area of prevalence of
bronchitis, remittent fever and rheumatism,
and a considerable decrease in the area of
prevalence of typhoid fever. Small-pox was
prevalent in various localities, notably among
the Indians in Milton Township, Antrim
County.
The annual report of the State Salt Inspector shows that there were operated in the
State in the salt inspection year ended November 30,1881,121 blocks and 4,500 salt covers, with a producing capacity for 3,400,000
barrels of salt The State is divided into sis;
inspection districts. The salt inspected in
the State during the year was as follows:
Fine, 2,073,910 barrels; packers', 13,885 barrels ; solar, 9,603 barrels; second quality, 52,-
821 barrels; total, 2,750,299 barrels. The total for the inspection year 18S0 was 2,676,5SS
barrels.
E. D. Nelson & Co.'s warehouse at Ishpem-
ing was burned on the night of the 18th. Loss
§6,000.
At Roscommon the other morning Deputy
Sheriff Amos Forbes was killed by Robert E.
Titus, whom he attempted to arrest for as-
saultinghis wife. A mob was unsuccessful in
attempting to take Titus from the officer who
captured him.
The following are the Detroit wheat quotations; No.. 1 White, $1.32@1.32>f- No. 2
White, §1.30@1.30X. No. 2 Red, $L36@
1.36>£.
Small-pox is sweeping off the Indians of
Northern Michigan, twenty having died out of
the tribe located near Northport. The quarantine established has cut off all medical aid,
and a Catholic priest has given up his life in
battling for the red men.
At Grand Rapids a few mornings ago burglars entered the upper rooms of the block occupied by E. P. Kidder & Co., dry-goods merchants, through the scuttle in the roof, and,
securing a quantity of sealskin garments
valued at between $5,000 and §6,000, made
then* eseape. The job was very skillfully
done.
The State of Michigan is 9,000 square miles
larger than the State of New York; 10,000
larger than Pennsylvania; 16,000 larger than
Ohio; 23,000 larger than Indiana, and 1,000
larger than Illinois. The entire area of the
six New England States is not quite 12,000
square miles larger than that of Michigan.
Two children, aged one and four years, were
burned to death in August Albert's house at
Harbor Springs the other afternoon. A pile
of shavings had been left in the house. The
parents were gone a few moments, and on
their return they found that the children had
set the shavings on lire, burning themselves,
the house and the contents.
The State Board of Review has fixed "the
amount of tax to be paid by the several telegraph and telephone companies in the State
as follows: Mineral Range, $29,23; Atlantic*
Pacific, §159.59; American District, $63.69;
American Union, $519.92; Western Union,
§3,358.51, and Telephone Exchange §1,073.48.
The absence of snow is keenly felt by the
lumbermen and dealers-inwood in the vicinity
oflshpeming. The JDeer Lake Company have
about fortj* teams w-aiting until such time as
there is sufficient snow to commence logging.
A schoolmaster at Reese applied to a Justice
of the Peace to know what punishments he
could legally inflict upon the "big girls,"
who, he said, annoyed him dreadfully. The
Jufetice, after a searching examination of
Cooley on Constitutional Limitations, advised
the perplexed master that he could marry one
of 'em, which punishment would be thoroughly lawful.
The balance of cash in the State Treasury,
December 10, was ?1,408,072.07; receipts for
the week ending December 17 were §28,716;
payments for sahic time §52,989.14; leaving a
balance, December 17, 1SS1, of §1,383,798.93;
of which §589,000 belong to the sinking fund;
§590,086.81 are held in the trust funds, and
§194,71^.12 are available for general purposes.
Grand Rapids is to have a wheelbarrow factory, now being constructed.
At a recent meeting of the Executive Committee of the State Horticultural Society it
was decided to memorialize the Legislature to
provide for a Chair of Horticulture at the Agricultural College and appoint a Professor.
The work proposed heretofore has been done
by the Professor of Botany, but it is thought
much good will be accomplished under the
new plan. '
On the night of the 20th three prisoners escaped from the epunty jail at Kalamazoo by
sawing through the window-bars on the south
side of the jail.
Farmers throughout the State7 say that although the open fall and winter have been exceptionally favorable to the growth of wheat,
it is not near so rank as it was two years ago
this fall, but that the growth is more confined
to making root and spreading rather than to
height; from >vliich they argue that, tlie pros-
'* pect for an enormous crop was neyer better.
Some few are pasturing the rankest fields.
Mrs. Sarah Rebbs has sued the City of Muskegon for §10,000 damages, caused by a loose
plimkinthe sidewalk tripping her up and
breaking one of her legs.
A fire' in West Bay City the other night
burned the Shepard & Aplin Block, Fisher &'
Harrington Block, and Veddcr Block. Tho
* principal places destroyed wcie the Fisher
Opera-IIouse, Phelps & Co.'s dry-goods store,
Weber's hardware store, the Bay County Examiner of City Offices and Records, Street's*
•drug-store. Aggregate loss, §-0,000; largest
losers, S. O. Fishor, block,1 $-20,008; Phelps &
Co., dry gOO^f*, §23,00{), Total insuraacQ,
f35,050, ■•!•-<-•.     *«—
The Tornadoes of 1881.
The present year has been remarkable for those destructive storms called
cyclones or tornadoes. They have occurred with unusual frequency in our
own country; and in England also,
where they are rarely experienced, as
many as four seriously destructive
whirlwinds visited different parts of the
kingdom during August last-
One of these English tornadoes carried
a pile of timber into an adjoining field,
lifted a carpenter's shop bodily over a
haystack and deposited it on the other
side, and completely unroofed a foundry. A tornado also carried off the roof
of one of the large railway stations at
Vienna* and very likely it was a whirlwind of two or three hundred feet in
breadth which caused the downfall oi
the Tay Bridge, one of the most extensive and strongest bridges in the world.
Among the tornadoes in this country
during the year, that at New Ulm,
Minn., was the most disastrous. It oc-
ctirred on the 12th of last June, and in
a few minutes wrecked one thousand
buildings and killed thirty persons.
The buildings destroyed, moreover, were
not ilims.y structures' of wood. Indeed,
the wooden buildings, especially those
of what is known as the balloon frame,
outlasted the gale, Avliile brick edifices,
of which the town was largely composed,
were demolished as if they had been of
paste-board. Whole business blocks
were destroyed, and every metal roof in
the city was blown off.
On the 25th of September, during two
minutes, a hurricane, preceded by an
earthquake, did great damage in Elmira,
in this State. The sp*re of a chureh-waa
blown across the street, about two tons
of brick were deposited in the organ of
another chureh, and several brick buildings had holes blown clear through
them. On the following day a tornado,
lasting only five minutes, laid waste the
village of Camden, 111., all the houses
except two being more or less injured,
and two churches completely demolished. Trees were torn up, and corn was
blown out of the husk and scattered far
and wide. Two days later, Stanton in
Nebraska was nearly destroyed by one
of these cyclones; and on the next day
another completely devastated a space
eighty rods wide and five or six miles
long in the neighborhood of Wautomain
Wisconsin. At the same time a terrific
tornado caused widespread damage in
the country about Omaha in Nebraska.
On the llth of this month two passenger cars of the Colorado Central Kail way
were blown from the track near Georgetown in that State.
This is a list of only a few of the disastrous tornadoes which have occurred
in the United States during the present
year, a year memorable for its storms,
its floods and its droughts. They are
instanced by the American Architect,
which, after tlie whirlwind at Ulm, addressed inquiries to scientific men and
architects in different parts of the country, with a view to finding out the characteristics of these storms and to obtaining practical suggestions as to methods
of construction whieh would enable
buildings to withstand their fury. To
its inquiries it has received many answers, which present interesting facts
regarding tornadoes or cyclones; but so
far as concerns the main purpose of the
investigation, the devising of means to
make buildings proof against such
storms, thejr are very unsatisfactory.
In truth, the general opinion expressed
in the letters published by it seems to
be that no structure can be devised
strong enough to withstand a tornado oi
cyclone when once the wind is blowing
in full fury. As one of the writers from
Storm Lake, in Iowa, says: "Out here in
this country of tornadoes, we think a
hole in the- ground about the safest
place to retreat to when we hear one
approaching." A Kansas architect replies that he tells his clients that he
"will not attempt to build against a
cyclone, but only against steady, heavy
winds from any one direction.1' "The
cyclone proper," he says further, "has
a whirling motion, and sometimes goes
bounding and skipping over the surface
of the earth."
In the report of the Signal Service
Office, the time during which $n object
is exposed to these destructive* winds,
is put at between six and sixty seconds,
the average of a large number of cases
being sixteen seconds. "Abuilding exposed to these winds experiences but
one stroke, like the blow of a hammer,
and the destruction" is done. ■' The duration of the violent southwest and
nortliwest -winds prevailing over the
area of moderate destruction, the signal officer says, rarely exceeds two
minutes. During the tornadoes, wind
velocities of 80 miles per hour have been
recorded; and inasmuch as velocities of
180 miles an hour have been observed
in hurricanes, it is reasonable to suppose that the wind may be equally furious in tornadoes. From the destruction of brick buildings, wind pressures
of from 58 to 84 pounds per square foot
have been demonstrated; and from the
lifting'up and transportation..of loose
objects, such-as a barrel of tar, a locomotive, a stove, cattle and the like,
wind pressures of from 52 to 112 pounds
per square foot may be calculated.
The path of the tornado is usually
very narrow. The destruction wrought
is visible over a space many miles long,
but only a few hundred j'ards wide.
And the greatest violence of the storm
is felt in an even more restricted space.
It may be only an area of from ten to
one hundred feet square. In that center the winds blow from different and
perhaps opposite directions, so that trees
are found twisted off, and buildings are
generally lifted up and turned around
immediately before 'being blown to
pieces! An engineer,, describing one of
these storms near Fort Ridgely, speaks
of a boy who, " was; carried into the air
and cast to the ground lifeless. When
found, the only article of dress he had
on was his shirt collar. Ducks, prairie
chickens and all kinds of birds were
found skinned3 as for a pot-pie. The
wind tore the harness off the horses into
shreds.'1 .       *
More thorongh study should be made
of these storms, for they are of yearly
occurrence, and the damage done by
them is always enormous. The general
subject of wind pressures alsb reqiiires
more careful investigation, "with a view
to determining the strength which
bridges and like structures should have.
Afc the toeetmo*; of the British Association
last summer, however, Sir F, BraniweU
declared that, if bridges must be built to
resist hurricanes, their construction will
not only be too costly, but an imposd-
bility even.—_V. Y. Sun.
—The singular accident which occurred to Mr. Bondurant, of Staunton,
Va." by which'_,"splinter thirteen inches
long Wis driven* by a steam-saw through
his body, has not "resulted seriously. It
•was extracted while the wounded man
was under the influence of cldoroform,
and the patient isitow almost well.
— . -^ • *—~—
—All the precious stones, except
opal, can. he quite successfully i*-*utat*e"d.
PERSONAL Am LITERARY.
—Jessie Benton Fremont is writing a
play for John McCullough.
—Herr Bodenstedt, the German poet
who visited this country several months
ago, is bringing out a new volume, in
which are to appear poems suggested
by the New World.
—Mr. Longfellow has been forced by
illness to issue a printed circular excusing himself from answering the many
letters received by him. The autograph
villain pursues him remorselessly.
—Mr. Longfellow writes to a friend:
" I see the story of my having a cancer
in the cheek has been revived again.
You can contradict the report whenever.
you hear it. I have not, nor ever had,
a cancer in the cheek or anywhere else.15
—Miss Frances E. Willard, who has
taken so prominent a part in the work
ofthe Women's Christian Temperance
Union, is about fifty year's of age. She
was born in the East, but has lived for
the most of her life in the Western
States.
—The distinguished artist, Mr. William M. Chase, has now completed the
full-length portrait of President Hayes,
whicli is to be -among the historic pictures of Memorial Hall, Cambridge. The
picture will soon be on exhibition in
Boston.
—John J. Piatt, the poet, prepared
himself tor Kenyon College while work- ■
ing at the printer's ease. He began to
write poetry for tlie Louisville Courier-
Journal in 1857, and his work so pleased
George D. Prentice that he was given a
position on that newspaper.
—Tennyson's "In Memoriam" was
given the world because of the sorrow
that came into his life upon losing his
cherished friend, Arthur Hallam, the
historian's son, and betrothed of his
sister. Six lines in his poem of "Maud11
occupied three whole days in their construction.
—AttherecentLondonsaleoftheDuke
of Marlborough's Sunderland Library* a
Latin Bible, being the first Bible printed
with the date of 1462, sold for the enormous sum of £1,600. Various polyglot
and other Bibles were sold at very moderate prices. The total sum realized by
the day's sale was £2,720.
—Paul H. Hayne Avas wealthy before
the war, but he is now very poor, and
too -ill to woik. His residence is little
more than a hut, standing alone in a
clump of scrub oak on a sandy knoll;
twent}*- miles from Atlanta, Ga. The
common necessities of life are aU that he
can procure; but he goes on rhyming, in
a room papered with pictures cut from
illustrated newspapers, and on a desk
made out of an old workbench left on
the premises by a carpenter.
— «-•-»	
HUMOROUS.
sO
t
—" Anotherlosttart,11 as the boy sad- i
ly remarked when the pastry slipped ;
from his hand into the gutter.—Yonkers \
Gazette.
—How happy the Man looks. He is r
going to have Ms Picture taken to send }
to his Girl. Poor girl! how sad her*ii
Christmas will he.—-Chicago Tribune .j
Primer. . j
" Going up to the pond," shouted a  ,
boy to his most intimate.    " They say
it's good skating up there."    "Huh!  •'
You can't come any pond on me.    I
was there this morning.    'Twas pretty !
good swimming,  only the water was
cold.—New Haven Begister. *    ;
—A. man in Omaha blew on a lung- %
tester, and broke it all to smithereens, '
And the owner of the machine gazed at, .j,
him sadly and said: " If P d known you
were a Chicago drummer, I'd have seen "'■'
you in hades before Pd have let you at" t-
that machine!"—Boston Post. ,. -% ">j>
—"Papa," remarked the enfant ter--'I-
rible, who was jmounted on the back, of. j,
the old gentleman's chair engaged in ^
making crayon sketches on his balo.';'
head, "it wouldn't do for you to fall's|-
asleep in the desert", would it?11 "Why j
not, my darling?" "Oh, the ostriches :
might sit down on your head and hatch ; \,
it out.—Brooklyn Eagle.
—The Girl is at the Gate. A young*
Man is coming down" the Lane. The*
Girl's papa is Sitting on the Frontv
Poroh. He is very Old. He haS;Raised,4
a Family of Eleven children- What is .',
the Poor old Man Thinking about, and f
why Does he Gaze so Intently at'his 'j*
Right Boot? Maybe he is Thinking |
about Raising the Young Manwho is \.
Coming down the Lane.—Denver Trip- .,
une Primer. ,      •■».[.'
—-A New York correspondent says j
Jay Gould, the millionaire, leads a hard
life;, has "no leisure, no society, no I
reading, no recreation." It is a sad -!
case. And we don't suppose it would .
do any good if a few newspaper men *
were to chip in a few "thousand dollars \
apiece and present the money to Mr, •
Gould to enable him to take a few 1,
months' holiday. Put yourself in his'7
place.—NorriMown Herald. i
—When an Austin schoolmaster en- i
tered his temple of learning a fewmorn- |
ings ago, he read on the blackboard the j
touching legend: " Our teacher is a i
donkey!" The pupils expected there !
would be a combined cyclone and earth- [
quake, but the philosophic pedagogue 1
contented himself with adding the word j
"driver" to the legend, and opened the ;
school with prayer as usual.—Texas '
Siftings.
—Deadwood  women  must have an.;
exceedingly keen sense of humor. Last j- -
week a claira,Jumper, who ..failed  toj,
leave town yhen notified by a vigilance '•
committee, was officially shot at twenty- j
six times by that body.   After he had!
been hit by nineteen of the bullets, he!
hid behind" a hogshead of sugar, which j
the crowd  amused  itself  by  shoving:
over his prostrate form.   When the de-j
ceased  was rolled  up and sent home, "
his wife   almost   died laughing.    She!"
said  the remains   looked   like   -three.} >
yards of porous plaster.—San Francis-^
co Post.
He Paid, as Usual.
f;
The commercial traveler of a Phila-j
delphia house while in Tennessee ap-|
proacheda stranger as  the train was j
about to start, and said: .... j
4' Are you going on Jhis train?1' (
"lam," , I
"Have you any baggage?" '.j
"No." -: *  -   j.
" Well, my friend, you can do me ai
favor, and it won't cost you anything.'
You see, I've two rousing big trunks,!
and they always make me pay «xtra for)
one of them.   You can get one checked!
on your ticket, and we'll euchre them. -
•See?"
"Yes,   I   see;   but  I
ticket," • * (
"But I thought you said yoji wereLj*
line* on this train?"       •. - " i
haven't  anjjj*
Pm the conductor.'-
go*n
" So I am.
"Oh!"
He paid extra, as usual.
—Edward  S.  Stokes,  the slayer of
JimFisk, having met witb great pecuniary success in California.,  is living in-ji-
very extravagant manner in Hew York
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